Carbon nanobud

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Computer models of some stable nanobud structures

Carbon NanoBuds (CNB) are a modification of carbon newly discovered in 2006in the form of covalently bonded molecules made of single-walled carbon nanotubes and fullerenes . Here, the C 60 and C 70 fullerenes to the outer surface of the single-walled carbon nanotubes ( English -walled single carbon nanotubes , SWCNT) bonded.

history

The four members of the research group (Esko Kauppinen, David Brown, Albert Nasibulin and Hua Jiang) at the Helsinki University of Technology founded the Finnish company Canatu Oy , which holds the patents on the new material and the manufacturing process.

They were found in attempts to produce single-walled carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes produced in a standard reactor appeared to be coated with a layer of clustered carbon atoms . When examined with an electron microscope , it was found that most of the elements in these coatings were fullerenes. In the further investigation with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) it was found that these fullerenes were stationary, i.e. not moving over the surface of the nanotubes. This was atypical for this mixture of substances and required a strong bond between the fullerenes and the nanotubes. This was then confirmed in several tests.

The investigations with UV spectroscopy showed that they were elliptical C 70 fullerenes. The reason for this was the presence of oxygen in each of the balls. By examination with infrared spectroscopy , ethers and esters could be detected. These components are most likely responsible for binding the fullerenes and the nanotubes.

properties

The CNBs combine the properties of fullerenes and nanotubes, with the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity being the same as those of the underlying nanotubes, while the strongly curved fullerene surfaces can be used for field emission . Of randomly oriented Nanobuds has already shown that this is an extremely low work function excel in the field emission of electrons. All CNBs are semiconducting .

Manufacturing

The CNBs can be produced in a continuous aerosol reactor. The density of the occupation with fullerenes can be controlled via the reaction parameters.

Expected uses

From the findings of fullerene chemistry it is concluded that such hybrid substances, due to the higher reactivity of the attached fullerene, could be suitable for many applications.

  • The bound fullerene molecules can be imagined, for example, as anchors that prevent the nanotubes from slipping in composite materials, which would improve their mechanical properties.
  • Due to the field emission characteristics, new field emission displays (FED) and background lighting are conceivable.
  • Use in transparent and flexible displays is also possible, as the voltages required for emission are very low.

literature

  • Albert G. Nasibulin, Peter V. Pikhitsa, Hua Jiang, David P. Brown, Arkady V. Krasheninnikov, Anton S. Anisimov, Paula Queipo, Anna Moisala, David Gonzalez, Gunther Lientschnig, Abdou Hassanien, Sergey D. Shandakov, Giulio Lolli , Daniel E. Resasco, Mansoo Choi, David Tomanek, Esko I. Kauppinen: A novel hybrid carbon material . In: Nature Nanotechnology . tape 2 , no. 3 , 2007, p. 156-161 , doi : 10.1038 / nnano.2007.37 .
  • Esko I. Kauppinen : Carbon Nanobud Synthesis Tutorial Lecture, NT06, Nagano, June 18, 2006. (PDF file; 19.6 MB)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Esko Kauppinen: Carbon NanoBud, combines the properties of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes . In: Nanofair 2006, 5th International Nanotechnology Symposium New Ideas for Industry . 2006, p. 8 ( PDF ( Memento of October 5, 2006 in the Internet Archive )). Carbon NanoBud, combines the properties of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes ( Memento of the original from October 5, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vdi-wissensforum.de
  2. ^ Albert G. Nasibulin, Anton S. Anisimov, Peter V. Pikhitsa, Hua Jiang, David P. Brown, Mansoo Choi, Esko I. Kauppinen: Investigations of NanoBud formation . In: Chemical Physics Letters . tape 446 , no. 1–3 , 2007, pp. 109-114 , doi : 10.1016 / j.cplett.2007.08.050 ( PDF ).
  3. ↑ a b Xiaojun Wu, Xiao Cheng Zeng: First-Principles Study of a Carbon Nanobud . In: ACS Nano . tape 2 , no. 7 , 2008, p. 1459-1465 , doi : 10.1021 / nn800256d .
  4. ↑ a b Novel carbon nanomaterial combines benefits of fullerenes and nanotubes nanowerk, 2007
  5. ↑ New Nanomaterial, 'NanoBuds,' Combines Fullerenes and Nanotubes