Carl Friedrich Flemming Clinic

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Middle part of the main house

The Carl Friedrich Flemming Clinic (formerly the Sachsenberg sanatorium and nursing home ) on the Sachsenberg in Schwerin has been a psychiatric clinic and sanatorium since 1830 , which played a central role in Mecklenburg . It has been named after the founding director Carl Friedrich Flemming since 1998. Today it belongs to the Helios clinics .

history

1825 to 1932

Insane sanatorium Sachsenberg in Meklenburg in pictures (1845)

The 180-meter-long, multi-wing, two-storey plastered building of the Sachsenberg insane sanatorium was built from 1825 onwards in a classicist style based on designs by the senior building officer Carl Heinrich Wünsch . The sanatorium was inaugurated on January 15, 1830 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz I of Schwerin and headed by Carl Friedrich Flemming until 1854. His successor until 1863 was Karl Friedrich Werner Nasse . At first it was assumed that there were “150 curable patients”, but after extensions built between 1881 and 1883, “madmen and incurable” were also included. The concept was so generous that two rooms were available for each patient in 1st class: a bedroom and a living room, plus a personal carer. In 1833, Flemming had the 11 hectare landscape park laid out on the Schweriner Ziegelsee . Work therapy activities let the institution take care of itself. The first burials took place in 1833 in the area of ​​today's cemetery .

For the mentally handicapped children, a spacious building was built on the " Lewenberg " in 1867 , named the "Basedowhaus" after his first teacher Johann Basedow . After 1945, this children's department was located in two parking garages on Sachsenberg. 1912 came u. a. a wash house and a chapel were added. In the 1920s, musical instruments, radio systems and several rowing boats were bought to expand therapy. Concerts, theater and harvest festivals helped shape the atmosphere of the clinic. Fedor Schuchardt was the director from 1886 to 1895, and Felix Matusch from 1895 to 1924 .

time of the nationalsocialism

Memorial to the victims of the Nazi euthanasia murders

The time of National Socialism was a deep turning point when, as part of the Action T4 euthanasia program under the chief physician Johannes Fischer from 1924 to 1945 , from the Schwerin clinic on July 18 and August 1, 1941, 275 patients were transferred from the Schwerin clinic to the Nazi killing center in Bernburg deported in Saxony-Anhalt and murdered there by gas.

In Schwerin itself, other mentally ill people and at least 300 mentally and physically handicapped children died as a result of active or passive killing measures. The Lewenberg children's home was relocated to the Sachsenberg sanatorium and nursing home in September 1941 as the Lewenberg children's department . Senior physician Alfred Leu headed the children's department, where he killed at least 70 children himself.

In a trial in Schwerin on August 19, 1946, three ward attendants and one sister were sentenced to death. According to recent research, the total number of victims is 1900 dead.

GDR and turning point

After 1945 the "District Nerve Clinic" Schwerin was established in the GDR with departments for psychiatry, neurology and a nursing home. The care for mentally ill people has improved since the early 1970s. The Rodewian theses called for a modern hospital psychiatry with a combination of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, sociotherapy and psychiatric rehabilitation . The mental hospital was headed by H. Berthold from 1964, who emphatically represented the claims of the mental hospital towards the state. The so-called long-term area with hundreds of severely mentally handicapped people was relocated to the Dobbertin monastery . The rehabilitation department remained on the Sachsenberg. The neuropathology , X-ray department, laboratory and a physiotherapy department were newly created . Berthold's successor, Professor Klaus Giercke , continued to specialize in the areas of general psychiatry, geriatric psychiatry and addictions, and from 1975 a clinic for functional disorders and neuroses was added. In March 1990 a staff council was elected and the old management was voted out. Jörgen Fuchs became medical director.

Latest time

In 1998 Michael Schmidt-Degenhard was appointed chief physician of the Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Medical Director of the Psychiatric Clinic, which was renamed the Carl Friedrich Flemming Clinic in 1999 for the 200th birthday of its founding director . Andreas Broocks has headed the clinic since 2003.

With currently 278 fully inpatient and 110 partial inpatient treatment places and a large psychiatric institute outpatient clinic, the clinic is of central importance in the care of mentally ill patients in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

literature

  • Carl Friedrich Flemming: The mental health institution Sachsenberg near Schwerin in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg. Verlag der Kürschnerschen Buchhandlung, Schwerin 1833 ( digitized version ).
  • Johannes Fischer: 100 years of Sachsenberg. Rhenania-Verlag Th. P. Braun, Düsseldorf 1930.
  • Helga Schubert: The world inside. A German mental hospital and the madness of the "unworthy life". Fischer TB, Frankfurt 2003, ISBN 978-3-596-15632-0 .
  • Andreas Brooks: The events on the Sachsenberg as part of the National Socialist euthanasia program. (Ed.) State Center for Political Education Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Schwerin 2007, ISBN 978-3-940207-06-7 .

Web links

Commons : Carl-Friedrich-Flemming-Klinik  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Dehio : The former Idiotenanstalt Schwerin. In: Handbook of German Art Monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich- Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , p. 551.
  2. ^ Jürgen Maier: Sachsenberg landscape park in Schwerin. (Ed.) Office for Environment and Nature Conservation, Schwerin 1990, p. 3, p. 7.
  3. ^ Lutz Kaelber: Sites of Nazi Children's "Euthanasia" Crimes and Their Commemoration
  4. ↑ Kathleen Haack, Bernd Kasten, Jörg Pink: The sanctuary and nursing home Sachsenberg-Lewenberg. Places of Remembrance in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Volume 2. (Ed.) State Center for Political Education Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Schwerin 2016, ISBN 978-3-9816439-4-7 , p. 134 ff.
  5. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - what they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of sick people or Jews , Fischer TB, Frankfurt a. M. 1998, ISBN 978-3-596-24364-8 , p. 189.

Coordinates: 53 ° 39 ′ 13.7 "  N , 11 ° 24 ′ 42.3"  E