Carl Ferdinand Jänisch
Carl Ferdinand (Andrejewitsch) Jänisch ( Russian Карл Андреевич Яниш , scientific transliteration Karl Andreevič Janiš ; born April 11, 1813 in Vyborg ; † March 7, 1872 in Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian chess master , composer and theorist of the 19th century .
Life
Carl Ferdinand Jänisch was of Finnish origin. He studied toolmaking first in Moscow , then in St. Petersburg, where he later became a professor of mechanics . Before that, he was in government service at the Ministry of Finance.
He drew attention to his chess skills as early as the 1830s, when he was one of the best Russian players alongside Alexander Petrow . In 1838/39 he led the team from St. Petersburg when they were defeated in a correspondence game by the city of Dorpat , led by Lionel Kieseritzky .
Jänisch was invited to the first international tournament in London in 1851 , but had to refrain from participating. He nevertheless traveled to England after the tournament, where he was defeated by Howard Staunton in a competition with 2.5; 7.5 (+2 = 1 −7). But Jänisch defeated the master Mongredien in two competitions. In 1854 he met Ilya Schumow in St. Petersburg , whom he was able to beat 7: 5 (+5 = 4 -3).
Jänisch's best historical rating was 2456. This he reached in June 1851. At the time he was 10th in the world rankings.
His merit lay less in the practical game than in his theoretical work. He published a number of important writings: 1837 in St. Petersburg Découvertes sur le cavalier (aux échecs) [Studies on the knight in chess], in Dresden / St. Petersburg 1842/1843: Analyze nouvelle des ouvertures du jeu des échecs [New analyzes of chess openings] (this book has been translated twice into English) and his most important work, the three-volume Traité des applications de l'analyse mathématique au jeu des échecs [treatise on the application of mathematical analysis to the game of chess], St. Petersburg 1862–1863.
Jänisch had the first chess column ever in a Russian newspaper since 1856 - in the Sankt-Peterburgskije vedomosti - and was valued throughout Europe as a deep analyst , and was in correspondence and personal contact with numerous European chess luminaries of his time.
Among his most important contributions to opening theory, besides his investigations into the Russian game, is the Jänisch gambit in the Spanish game (1. e2 – e4 e7 – e5 2. Ng1 – f3 Nb8 – c6 3. Bf1 – b5 f7 – f5 ), that too is used nowadays in master practice. The greatest authority on this gambit is e.g. Z. the German correspondence chess grandmaster Ralph Mallée .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Carl Ferdinand Jänisch in the Erik Amburger database
- ↑ A. Kentler: Rossijskaja schachmatnaja school on e3e5.com from January 21, 2008 (Russian)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jänisch, Carl Ferdinand |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Яниш, Карл Андреевич |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian chess player |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 11, 1813 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vyborg |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 7, 1872 |
| Place of death | St. Petersburg |