Carl Koppe
Carl Friedrich Koppe (born January 9, 1844 in Soest ; † December 10, 1910 in Cologne ) was a German geodesist and as such was instrumental in the surveying of the Gotthard tunnel (1874 to 1875). As a professor at the TU Braunschweig, he established terrestrial photogrammetry there and developed the first photo theodolite around 1890 .
Life
The son of the grammar school professor Karl Koppe (1803–1874) and his wife Juliane attended grammar school in Soest and then the war school in Erfurt, where in 1862 he received the officer's license. Returned to Soest, he graduated from high school in 1864 and then studied mathematics, natural sciences and astronomy in Bonn and Berlin . From 1866 to 1869 he took part in a scientific expedition to India, during which a solar eclipse was observed in East India in 1868 . From 1872 to 1875 he was involved in staking out the Gotthard tunnel and the spiral tunnels , geodetic precision measurements and barometric height measurements for the Gotthard railway construction, where his results received great attention.
From 1876 to 1879 he was employed in Zurich as an engineer for the construction of physical precision instruments and for collaboration on the European degree measurement network . In 1877 he received his doctorate from the University of Zurich . In a difficult time he was appointed as the first professor of geodesy and astronomy at the Technical University of Braunschweig in 1880 , when it was about to close due to too few students.
In 1901 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . Until his retirement in 1907 he held up to 30 different courses per year. He has written highly regarded specialist publications on measuring instruments, tunnel surveying , cartography and photogrammetry . For the more precise evaluation of photogrammetric measurement images he developed (based on an idea by Ignazio Porro around 1870) the " Porro-Koppe principle ", in which the same lens is used as for the recording.
His wife Anna Koppe created a comprehensive picture of his life in 1912.
Works
- The progress in the field of surveying in Prussia under the government of King Wilhelm I .. Verl.-Anst. u. Dr. A.-G., Hamburg 1889 ( digitized version )
- Photogrammetry, or the art of measuring images. Publisher of the Deutsche Photographen-Zeitung, Weimar 1889
- Photogrammetry and international cloud measurement. Friedrich Vieweg and son, Braunschweig 1896
- Nature and importance of the graphic arts for illustration and card printing. Verl.-Anst. u. Dr. A.-G., Hamburg 1898 ( digitized version )
literature
- Theo Gerardy : Koppe, Carl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 572 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Günter Scheel (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 19th and 20th centuries . Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7752-5838-8 , p. 340 f .
Web links
- Gotthard Tunnel: Surveying Koppe on alpentunnel.de
Individual evidence
- ^ History of geodesy at the TU Braunschweig (page 10)
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 137.
- ↑ Life picture presented by Anna Koppe
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Koppe, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Koppe, Carl Friedrich (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German geodesist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 9, 1844 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Soest |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 10, 1910 |
| Place of death | Cologne |