Carl Krohne

Carl Krohne , also Karl Georg Julius Krohne , (born December 10, 1836 in Dankelshausen near Hanover, † February 19, 1913 in Berlin ) was the head of the penal system in the Prussian Ministry of the Interior.

biography

Krohne was the son of the Hanoverian country pastor Friedrich Krohne and his wife Dorette nee. Meyer. Like his father, he turned to theology and studied Protestant theology in Jena and Göttingen from 1855 to 1858 . On October 1, 1858, he passed his first theological examination at the consistory in Hanover. He passed his second theological exam on June 10, 1861 in Oldenburg and was ordained on September 29, 1861 . He was assistant preacher in some Oldenburg parishes and eventually became a pastor at the prison in Vechta. Here he laid the foundation for his later work as head of the penal system. Furthermore, he is said to have been an evangelical pastor .

On April 4, 1873, Krohne became director of the Vechta prison. Then he was from January 1, 1876 head of a penitentiary in Rendsburg . The construction of the new Royal Prussian penal institutions Kassel - Wehlheiden (today correctional facility Kassel I ) from 1873 to 1882 goes back to Krohne. Here he was the first director of the penal institutions (JVA). In 1884 he was appointed head of the prison in Berlin-Moabit . He was the driving force behind the establishment of the Siegburg prison , which was opened in 1886 as a royal Prussian prison and was rebuilt in 1896 at Krohne's instigation.

In 1892 he became a lecturer in the council and department head for prison systems in the Prussian Ministry of the Interior . He had already been made an honorary doctorate and a real secret councilor .

Krohne became an important reformer in the Prussian penal system in the 19th century, who shaped the prison system in the sense of a modern penal system by improving the conditions of the penal system with the possibility of rehabilitation .

In 1911 the reformer formulated his views:

“In the penitentiary system, in addition to the seriousness of bowing to the legal order, the remainder of the feeling for morality and honor, which is still present in the worst criminal, is carefully guarded and further educated. Exhausting but not mind-killing work should strengthen the physical and mental powers; the hope of being able to earn a shortening of the punishment should strengthen the social life energy that has almost been lost in the criminal goings-on; By provisional dismissal under caring direction, the reintegration into the orderly social life should be facilitated; Above all, however, society should not push back the lawbreaker who has the honest will to get up from his deep fall; it should not only be able to forgive but also be able to forget . "

Honors

• The Carl-Krohne Street in Bremen, district Gröpelingen , district Ohlenhof, was named after him.

Works

• The organization of the prison system , Oldenburg 1868.
• The Prussian State and the Church Question , Oldenburg 1874.
• The Oldenburg memorial near Vionville , Oldenburg 1875.
• The legal regulation of the penal system in the German Empire , Oldenburg 1875.
• Prison architecture , 1888.
• Textbook of prison studies according to which every prison library should have at least 3 books per prison place . Stuttgart 1889.
• together with Rudolf Uber: The penal institutions and prisons in Prussia , Bd. IC Heymann, Berlin 1901.
• Educational institutions for the abandoned, endangered and neglected youth in Prussia , Berlin 1901.
• His writings and speeches in the field of criminal law and child welfare. compiled by Dr. Rose field
• Criminal statistics tables for the lectures of Geh. Ober-Reg. R. Dr. Krohne on crime, punishment and the prison system .

literature

• Krohne, Karl Georg Julius. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 394-395 ( online ).
• Monika Porsch: Bremer Straßenlexikon , complete edition. Schünemann, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-7961-1850-X .
• Dieter Wever, Ulrich Haag: Evangelical prison chaplaincy in Germany. In: Bulletin of the Protestant conference for prison chaplaincy in Germany .... No. 75 (September 2008), pp. 13-14.
• Carl Krohne †. Deutsche Juristen-Zeitung 1913, p. 328.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Carl Krohne. His writings and speeches in the field of criminal law and child welfare. compiled by Dr. Rosenfeld, on point A criminal law In: Journal for the entire criminal law science . Volume 34, Issue 1, pages 706-714.