Chiapas conflict

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Chiapas conflict
date since 1994
place Mexico , state of Chiapas
output ongoing
Parties to the conflict

Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, Flag.svg EZLN

MexicoMexico Mexican government

The Chiapas conflict is the current uprising of the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN), a left-wing radical movement belonging to the Zapatistas and directed against the Mexican state in the state of Chiapas there . It is a low intensity conflict that began on January 1, 1994.

causes

One cause is the great poverty and the resulting plight of the Mayans settled in Chiapas . The standard of living of different ethnic groups in Mexico is very different and is still shaped by colonialism . When the price of coffee fell dramatically in 1989 , the plight of the indigenous people worsened dramatically . In addition, the main responsibility for discrimination against the indigenous peoples , which is shaped by racist motives . Another cause was Mexico's accession to NAFTA , which was accompanied by a trade agreement that was detrimental to the indigenous population . The products of the local farmers were carried in mass production produced cheaper goods from the United States via imports replaced. Another cause is land expropriation. Many people in Chiapas are malnourished; and this despite a wealth of raw materials and optimal climatic conditions for agricultural products. Only the majority indigenous population is affected by the hunger problem .

background

The majority of the population of the state of Chiapas lives from agriculture. Many indigenous people have no or very little schooling . The vast majority of the indigenous population of Chiapas is Maya-speaking . The Selva Lacandona is the retreat area of ​​the EZLN . The cultivation, trade and consumption of drugs, including alcohol, is prohibited in the Zapatista controlled areas. A paramilitary association, which has repeatedly violated Zapatista communities, exists, tolerated by the state government of Chiapas. One of the five Zapatista administrative centers is La Garrucha (2008). Subcomandante Marcos and the EZLN are also directed against the mainstream Democratic Revolution Party (PRD). Radio Insurgente is the EZLN's broadcaster that broadcasts in Spanish and indigenous languages. Compared to other Mexican states, Chiapas has an increased military presence. According to the supporters of the Zapatista uprising, there was paramilitary activity against the Zapatistas. The EZLN is also concerned with the fight against discrimination against women . The EZLN is committed to the self-determination of the residents of the Selva Lacandona.

development

The conflict began on January 1, 1994 when the EZLN occupied four cities. and the EZLN declared war on the government of Mexico. In the same year, the government decided on a unilateral ceasefire . Bishop Samuel Ruiz became the mediator. The EZLN released its only hostage, Absalón Castellanos Domínguez , former governor of Chiapas. In 1995, however, the Mexican military launched an offensive. In 1995 at least, torture was used by the government. In 2001, Zapatistas led a march from Chiapas to Mexico City under the leadership of Subcomandante Marcos . In the same year there was a hunger strike by prisoners. On January 1, 2003, the Zapatistas took the city of San Cristóbal . Non-governmental organizations advocate non-violent change.

The Jesuits of Mexico declared in January 1994:

"The violence that causes the loss of human life is against the ordinance of God ... But the violence in Chiapas does not begin with the outbreak of the armed conflict on January 1st of this year. The poor people of this state, especially the indigenous people, fell victim to a centuries-old history of looting, violence, marginalization and murder. Perhaps that is the reason why the desperate indigenous groups are now expressing themselves through the means of armed counter-violence. That is why our rejection of violence must take into account its roots if it is to be just. The first and most fundamental violence to be condemned is structural, socio-economic-political-cultural violence, the victims of which were the ethnic groups and social classes in Chiapas and a large part of the rest of the country. Not to emphasize this would mean to ignore a situation that has led to the current dispute. "

“We believe that the events in Chiapas are a warning signal for the national conscience as a whole and an invitation to reflect on the impending dangers of continuing a policy of modernization that benefits an elite in power while the majority of the local population benefits Excludes population. They are also a signal to the government to take the path to democracy seriously. "

- José Morales Orozco, Provincial of the SJ , in La Jornada, Mexico City, January 13, 1994

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Towards a history of events in Chiapas ( Memento of the original from January 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / flag.blackened.net
  2. ↑ a b Subpage BRÈVE HISTOIRE DU CONFLIT DU CHIAPAS: from archive link ( Memento of the original from March 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sipaz.org
  3. ↑ Uprising of the Indians in Mexico - page of the Sibilla Egen School
  4. ↑ Mexico: Dispossession of indigenous lands, Chiapas ( Memento of the original from October 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Land Research Action Network site  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.acaoterra.org
  5. ^ Political background under Chiapas
  6. ↑ a b The indigenous peoples: ( Memento of the original from May 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sipaz.org
  7. ↑ a b Margarete Tjaden-Steinhauer and Karl Hermann Tjaden : What is Chiapas?
  8. ^ Andreas Henrichs: TP: Mexico: Discourse guerrilla in the media low.
  9. ↑ a b Towards a history of events in Chiapas ( Memento from April 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ Political background under Chiapas at http://www.carea-menschenrechte.de/
  11. ↑ Human Rights Watch: [TORTURE AND OTHER ABUSES DURING THE 1995 CRACKDOWN ON ALLEGED ZAPATISTAS http://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1996/Mexico1.htm ] page of the German Bundestag
  12. ↑ Peter Greste: [In the footsteps of Zapata http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/1222327.stm ]
  13. ↑ Subpage of Archivlink ( Memento of the original from April 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sipaz.org
  14. ↑ [The Zapatista "Social Netwar" in Mexico http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR994.html ]
  15. ↑ after Sergio Pitol , Die Kunst der Flucht, Matthes & Seitz, Berlin, p. 357. There also continuation of the quotation, with demands of the Jesuits on the conflicting parties