China-Rotschnabelbülbül
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China Rotschnabelbülbül ( Hypsipetes leucocephalus ) |
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| Hypsipetes leucocephalus | ||||||||||||
| ( JF Gmelin , 1789) |
The China Rotschnabelbülbül is a species of bird from the genus ( Hypsipetes ) in the family of the Bülbüls (Pycnonotidae). The species was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the Madagascar red-billed bulbüls ( Hypsipetes madagascariensis ) and as such also referred to as the Madagascar flight bird ( Statius Müller , 1776).
The China-Rotschnabelbülbül is a breeding bird of tropical South Asia from Afghanistan , Pakistan , India and Sri Lanka to southern China in the east. The bird is at home in deciduous forests and cultivated landscapes. It builds its nest in trees and bushes, two to four eggs form the typical clutch.
The China Rotschnabelbülbül is 24-25 cm tall, with a long tail. The body plumage ranges from slate gray to shimmering black, depending on the subspecies. The beak, legs and feet are red. He wears a black fluffy hood on his head . There is no sexual dimorphism , the males and females look alike. Only the young birds have no hood, a whitish lower area with a gray chest band and a brown tint in the upper area of the body.
They feed mainly on seeds and insects , they especially like berries. They often appear sitting in groups or flying around in search of food. They can be quite loud with their meow calls.
Systematics
At present (2018) 10 subspecies are distinguished, which differ mainly in the color of the body plumage and colonize different regions of the large distribution area.
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus psaroides Vigors , 1831 occurs in northeast Afghanistan and northern Pakistan across the central Himalayas to northwest Myanmar .
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus nigrescens Baker, ECS , 1917 is distributed from northeast India to western Myanmar.
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus concolor Blyth , 1849 occurs from the east of Myanmar south over the Hunnan to Indochina .
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus ambiens ( Mayr , 1942) is distributed from northeast Myanmar to west of Hunnan.
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus sinensis ( La Touche , 1922) occurs in northern Yunnan .
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus stresemanni ( Mayr , 1942) occurs in central Yunnan.
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus leucothorax ( Mayr , 1942) is widespread in central China .
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus leucocephalus ( Gmelin, JF , 1789) is common in southeast China.
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus nigerrimus Gould , 1863 occurs in Taiwan .
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus perniger Swinhoe , 1870 occurs on Hainan .
The former subspecies
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus ganeesa Sykes , 1832
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus humii ( Whistler & Kinnear , 1932)
are now separated as a separate species India red-billed bulbul ( Hypsipetes ganeesa ) with the subspecies ( Hypsipetes ganeesa humii ).
literature
- Richard Grimmett, Carol Inskipp, Tim Inskipp: Birds of India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Christopher Helm, London 1998, ISBN 0-691-04910-6
Web links
- Hypsipetes leucocephalus inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
Individual evidence
- ↑ IOC World Bird List Bulbuls
- ^ Frank Gill & David Donsker, IOC World Bird List v 8.2 : Bulbuls