Chinese hydrangea
| Chinese hydrangea | ||||||||||||
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Chinese hydrangea ( Hydrangea heteromalla ) |
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| Hydrangea heteromalla | ||||||||||||
| D. Don |
The Chinese hydrangea ( Hydrangea heteromalla ), also known as China hydrangea , is a shrub or, rarely, a small tree belonging to the hydrangea family . It is often used as an ornamental plant because of the decorative flowers . The natural range is in Asia and ranges from the temperate to the tropical zone.
description
The Chinese hydrangea forms 2 to 5 or more meters high bushes or small trees with reddish brown to brownish, hairy and later balding branches that are covered with a few oval cork pores . The leaves have a 2 to 4 centimeter long, finely hairy, purple-red stalk. The leaf blade is simple, 6 to 15 centimeters long and 3 to 8 centimeters wide, oval, broadly ovate or oblong-ovate, pointed or long-pointed, with a slightly heart-shaped, blunt or truncated base and a densely or doubly serrated leaf margin. The upper side of the leaf is yellowish-brown, curly-haired or almost bald, the underside is densely gray-white and velvety hairy. Seven to nine pairs of nerves are formed.
The flowers are arranged in umbrella-shaped, 15 to 20 centimeters wide, hairy umbels , which reach a width of 27 centimeters when the fruit is ripe. The numerous sterile flowers have four 0.7 to 1.6 centimeters long and 0.5 to 1.4 centimeters wide, white or yellowish, oval, broad-egg-shaped or broad-rounded, entire sepals with a rounded or slightly heart-shaped base. The fertile flowers have a 1 to 1.5 millimeter long, funnel-shaped to bell-shaped calyx tube with 0.5 to 1.5 millimeter long, triangular calyx teeth. The petals are 1.8 to 2.0 millimeters long, white to yellowish and oblong-egg-shaped. The ten stamens are unequal in length, the anthers are about 0.5 millimeters in size and round. The ovary is medium-sized, the three or four styles are erect, subphrate and are 1 to 1.3 millimeters long on the ripe fruit. The scar is small.
The follicles are egg-shaped to round and have a diameter of 2.5 to 3.5 millimeters. The seeds are 0.7 to 1.0 millimeters long, yellow-brown, oval to oblong, somewhat compressed and have wings about 0.2 to 0.5 millimeters long at both ends.
The species blooms from June to July, the fruits ripen from September to October.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
Distribution and ecology
The natural range extends from the temperate to the tropical zone of Asia. The species is found in the Chinese provinces of Xizang , Yunnan and Sichuan , in Bhutan, Nepal and in the Indian states of West Bengal , Arunachal Pradesh , Assam , Uttar Pradesh and Sikkim . It grows in species-poor forests on mountain slopes and mountain peaks at altitudes of 2400 to 3400 meters on moderately dry to moist, weakly acidic to weakly alkaline, gravelly or sandy-loamy soils in partially shaded locations. The species is usually frost hardy.
Systematics
The Chinese hydrangea ( Hydrangea heteromalla ) is a species of the genus hydrangeas ( Hydrangea ) in the hydrangea family (Hydrangeaceae), subfamily Hydrangeoideae, tribe Hydrangeae. It was first described by David Don in 1825 .
Together with Hydrangea xanthoneura and Hydrangea bretschneideri it forms a collective species . Hydrangea bretschneideri is often seen under the name Hydrangea heteromalla 'Bretschneideri' only as a variety of the Chinese hydrangea.
use
It is often used as an ornamental wood because of its decorative flowers .
proof
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , pp. 417 (English).
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 338.
- Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 529 .
- Gordon Cheers (Editor): Botanica Trees & Shrubs . Tandem Verlag GmbH, 2006, ISBN 978-3-8331-2003-9 , pp. 449 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 338
- ^ German name according to Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 529
- ↑ a b c Wei Zhaofen, Bruce Bartholomew: Hydrangea heteromalla in Flora of China. Volume 8, p. 417
- ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 338
- ↑ Hydrangea heteromalla at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c Hydrangea heteromalla. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed March 10, 2012 .
- ↑ Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 529
Web links
- Hydrangea aspera. In: The Plant List. Retrieved March 10, 2012 .