Chloride azide

Structural formula
General
Surname	Chloride azide
Molecular formula	ClN 3
Brief description	colorless gas
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 13973-88-1 PubChem 61708 ChemSpider 55609 Wikidata Q5102950
properties
Molar mass	77.47 g mol −1
Physical state	gaseous
Melting point	−100 ° C
boiling point	−15 ° C
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Chlorine azide is a chemical compound from the group of azides or nitrogen halides .

Extraction and presentation

Chlorine azide can be obtained by reacting sodium azide with chlorine .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {NaN_{3}+Cl_{2}\longrightarrow ClN_{3}+NaCl} }$

properties

Chlorine azide is a colorless, easily decomposable gas that smells of hypochlorous acid and is explosive when there are pressure fluctuations and when cooled (freezing out). It dissolves yellow-orange in carbon tetrachloride . Chlorine azide reacts slowly with hydrocarbons and other solvents . In its reactions it behaves like a compound with electropositive chlorine. It was first synthesized in 1908 by Friedrich Raschig . The CIN / NN / NN distances are 1.745 / 1.252 / 1.13 A, the CINN angle is 109 °.

Chlorine azide breaks down into nitrogen and chlorine at low pressure under a red glow when the gas is allowed to flow from a capillary into a heated tube. The spectrum of this glow shows a band system of four band groups.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ ClN_{3}\longrightarrow 3\ N_{2}+Cl_{2}} }$

Chlorine azide reacts with ammonia.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {ClN_{3}+2\ NH_{3}\longrightarrow NH_{2}Cl+NH_{4}N_{3}} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ ClN_{3}+8\ NH_{3}\longrightarrow N_{2}+3\ NH_{4}Cl+3\ NH_{3}N_{3}} }$

use

Chlorine azide is used in organic syntheses and as an initiator in chemical gas lasers.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Georg Brauer (ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler a . a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 458.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Gurdeep Raj: Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Vol-1 . ISBN 81-87224-03-7 , pp. 745 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
3. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
4. ^ ^{A b} A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 , p. 685.
5. ↑ W. Joe Frierson, AW Browne: . In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. 65, 1943, pp. 1698-1700, doi: 10.1021 / ja01249a013 .
6. ↑ K. Gleu: The light emission during the decay of chloride azide . In: Journal of Physics . tape 38 , no. 3 , March 1926, p. 176-201 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01399108 .
7. ↑ Stefan Bräse, Klaus Banert: Organic azide: Syntheses and Applications . John Wiley & Sons, 2010, ISBN 978-0-470-51998-1 , pp. 244 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
8. ↑ Richard J. Lewis, Sr .: Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference . John Wiley & Sons, 2008, ISBN 0-470-33445-2 , pp. 315 ( limited preview in Google Book search).