Christoffel Plantijn
Christoph Plantin , Dutch Christoffel Plantijn , Latin Christophorus Plantinus (* around 1520 in Saint-Avertin near Tours ; † July 1, 1589 in Antwerp ) was a Franco-Flemish printer and publisher who was one of the most productive and influential representatives in the 16th century belonged to his guild.
Life
After an apprenticeship with Robert Macé in Caen , Plantin settled in the Flemish city of Antwerp in 1549, where he became a citizen of the city in 1550. In 1555 he founded his own printing company . It was one of the largest of its time and is considered the first industrial book printing company. It counted up to 16 printing presses , had over 80 employees and published over 1,000 publications during Plantin's lifetime.
In 1562 Plantin was accused of having printed a heretical script, after which he fled to Paris for a year. The suspicion of heresy was dispelled and he received the support of King Philip II of Spain to print the famous Biblia Polyglotta , which contains the Bible text in parallel in the five languages Latin , Greek , Hebrew , Old Syriac and Chaldean (1567–1572).
Plantin made his publishing house a meeting place for important humanists like Justus Lipsius . In 1570 he received the monopoly from the strict Catholic King Philip II of Spain and the Church to produce all liturgical books for Spain , the Spanish Netherlands and Spain's colonies . At the same time Plantin became the official printer of the Protestant Dutch States General .
In 1583 Plantin went to Leiden as a university printer because of the turmoil of the war , which secured him an annual salary of 200 guilders. In 1585 he moved to Cologne, where in 1588 the young Crispin de Passe d. Ä. Made copperplate engravings for him. In 1589 Plantin returned to Antwerp; in the same year he died.
legacy
After Plantin's death, his son-in-law Franciscus Raphelengius the Elder (1539–1597) took over the printing plant in Leiden .
The former printing plant in Antwerp went to the other son- January Moretus (1543-1610) and was elected later Plantin-Moretus Museum and 2005 in the List of World Heritage of UNESCO added.
The font " Plantin " is named after Plantijn , on which the serif font Times New Roman, which is still popular today, is based.
In August 1996 the asteroid (6808) Plantin was named after him.
literature
- Sandra Langereis: De woordenaar. Christoffel Plantijn, 's werelds greatest printer en uitgever, 1520–1589. Uitgeverij Balans, Amsterdam 2014. ISBN 978-94-600-3345-2 .
- Leon Voet: The Plantin Press (1555-1589). A bibliography of the works printed and published by Christopher Plantin at Antwerp and Leiden . In collaboration with Jenny Voet-Grisolle. 6 volumes. Van Hoeve, Amsterdam 1980-1983, ISBN 90-222-0253-4 .
- Max Ziegert: Plantin, Christoph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 26, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 237-241.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Plantijn, Christoffel |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Plantin, Christoph |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Franco-Flemish printer and publisher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1520 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Saint-Avertin |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 1, 1589 |
| Place of death | Antwerp |