Bulbous thistle

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Bulbous thistle
Tuberous thistle (Cirsium tuberosum)

Tuberous thistle ( Cirsium tuberosum )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Carduoideae
Tribe : Cynareae
Genre : Thistles ( Cirsium )
Type : Bulbous thistle
Scientific name
Cirsium tuberosum
( L. ) All.
Bulbous thistle ( herbarium evidence )

The tuberous thistle ( Cirsium tuberosum ), also called tuberous thistle , is a plant species in the daisy family (Asteraceae). It is rarely found in Central Europe.

description

The bulbous thistle is a perennial herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of between 40 and 150 cm. The root fibers have grown together to form a spindle-shaped tuber. The wingless, spider-like hairy stem grows upright, has one to three heads and very rarely has a small leaf above the middle . The deeply pinnate leaves have lanceolate, two- to three-column tips, are hairy on the underside with a spider-like woolly hair and thorny ciliate on the edge. They are green on both sides and do not run down the stem. Occasionally they are a little heard.

The flower heads , which stand individually on elongated stems, have a diameter of 2 to 3.5 cm. The scattered bracts are hairy at the base like a spider web. The crown is purple, very rarely light red or white. The pappus bristles are thickened at the tip.

The bulbous thistle blooms mainly in July and August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.

Occurrence

Cirsium tuberosum occurs in Western, Southern and Central Europe. In Germany this species can only be found scattered or rarely in the central and southern areas. It is considered endangered. In Austria, the tuberous thistle, which used to be found in Tyrol, is now lost, while in Switzerland it is rarely found in the northern region.

The bulbous thistle grows in bog meadows, on the edges of brush, on semi-arid grass, on banks and the edges of ditches. It prefers more or less moist, more or less calcareous, humus-rich, sandy-clayey or peaty soils. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Cirsio-tuberosi-Molinietum from the Molinion association, but also occurs in alternately dry societies of the Mesobromion or in societies of the Geranion sanguinei or Berberidion.

ecology

The bulbous thistle is a moisture indicator.

swell

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  966 .
  2. ↑ Bulbous thistle. In: FloraWeb.de.

Web links

Commons : Bulbous Thistle  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files