Clathurellidae

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Clathurellidae
Etrema denseplicata from Australia

Etrema denseplicata from Australia

Systematics
Superordinate : Caenogastropoda
Order : Sorbeoconcha
Subordination : Hypsogastropoda
Partial order : Neogastropoda
Superfamily : Conoidea
Family : Clathurellidae
Scientific name
Clathurellidae
H. Adams & A. Adams , 1858
Glyphostoma rostrata
Etrema bicolor

The Clathurellidae are a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized shell snails that are found exclusively in the sea . They were counted until 2011 as the subfamily Clathurellinae to the family of cone snails within the superfamily Conoidea (poisonous tongue). In a revision, the subfamily was divided into three groups based on molecular biology . The Borsoniidae and Mitromorphidae were spun off as independent families and the remaining Clathurellinae were also raised to the family.

features

The housing is broadly spindle-shaped, its height is 5 to 40 millimeters depending on the type, usually 10 to 20 millimeters. It is usually thick, often sculpted in a reticulate manner, as in Strombinoturris crockeri and Lienardia nigrotincta . The Clathurellidae differ from the family Mangeliidae by the rounded turns and the strong sculpting .

The mouth is elliptical to oval and has various folds and teeth on the inner and outer lip. The siphonal canal is short or moderately elongated and somewhat curved, as in Glyphostoma rostrata . The species in this family do not have an operculum to close the mouth. Spindle folds are usually completely absent.

The protoconch is mostly multispiral. It can have up to six whorls, the first of which are smooth and the youngest with keels. In species with paucispiral protoconches this is usually smooth, sometimes with spiral corrugation and only in the most recent version with keels.

The radula has rows of teeth on the side. The basal part of the radula teeth is relatively small and not very broad. Depending on the type, weakly developed barbs can be present at the tip of the teeth, such as in Lienardia nigrotincta .

Systematics and taxonomy

In 2011, Bouchet et al. the different genera from the subfamily Clathurellinae are divided within the cone snail family (Conidae) and raised to the family rank as Borsoniidae , Mitromorphidae and Clathurellidae. This reallocation is mainly based on the DNA sequencing of three gene fragments, but is supported by morphological results. The shell morphology and the structure of the radula with their characteristic teeth, which, like all snails of the superfamily Conoidea, are traversed by a venomous canal, form a basis for the distinction between the individual families.

Genera

There are currently 20 recent genera within this family.

As of March 15, 2015

Synonyms

  • Bellardia Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1883, Bellardiella P. Fischer, 1883 and Bellatula Strand, 1929 were synonymous with Comarmondia Monterosato, 1884 .
  • Iraqetrema Dance & Eames, 1966 is a synonym of Etrema Hedley, 1918. P

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi (eds.): Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47, pp. 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN  0076-2997 ISBN 3-925919-72-4
  2. ↑ a b c P. Bouchet, YI Kantor, A. Sysoev & N. Puillandre: A new operational classification of the Conoidea. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 77, pp. 273–308, 2011 ( online )
  3. ^ Philippe Bouchet: Clathurellidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858 . In: WoRMS, World Register of Marine Species, 2014, accessed March 16, 2015

literature

  • Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi (Eds.): Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47, pp. 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN  0076-2997 ISBN 3-925919-72-4
  • Henry Adams & Arthur Adams: The genera of recent Mollusca: arranged according to their organization. London 1858 (first description)

Web links

Commons : Clathurellidae  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files