Conoidea

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Conoidea
Marble cone (Conus marmoreus)

Marble cone ( Conus marmoreus )

Systematics
Subclass : Orthogastropoda
Superordinate : Caenogastropoda
Order : Sorbeoconcha
Subordination : Hypsogastropoda
Partial order : New snails (Neogastropoda)
Superfamily : Conoidea
Scientific name
Conoidea
Fleming , 1822

The Conoidea are a species-rich superfamily almost exclusively of marine snails that live predatory. The representatives of this superfamily have a poison gland, the poison of which is injected into the victim by means of a hollow poisonous tooth. Due to this feature, they are also in German Pfeilzüngler or Giftzüngler (formerly Toxoglossa) called.

features

The housings are very different in shape and vary from spindle-shaped and tower-shaped to inverted-conical. Accordingly, the thread is very flat to very high. The last turn can be short and egg-shaped or very long and slot-shaped. The spindle has no folds, only very rarely a few wrinkles or knots. In the radula the central tooth (compared to other representatives of the new snail ) is reduced; there are only one or two posterior teeth left. These are long and pointed, often barbed. They have a groove or canal that communicates with a poison gland.

Way of life

The representatives of the superfamily predatorily live on fish , bristle worms , other mollusks such as snails and mussels or crabs , which are preyed on with poison that is injected with the help of the fangs. They are found worldwide mainly in the warmer seas. Their occurrence ranges from shallow water to the deep sea.

Systematics

The conoidea are named after the radula shape with pointed, often barbed teeth, through which a cavity connected with poison glands leads, also called toxoglossa (arrow-flicker or poison-flicker). The name Toxoglossa describes the radula of these predatory snails, but according to the International Rules for Zoological Nomenclature, it is not suitable as a name for a superfamily, as it is not based on the scientific name of a family or genus.

Bouchet and Rocroi divided the Conoidea into eight families in 2005:

After a revision in 2011, there were initially 15 families, and another was added in 2012:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi (eds.): Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda. In: Malacologia. 47, pp. 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN  0076-2997 , archive.org , ConchBooks, ISBN 978-3-92591972-5 .
  2. ↑ P. Bouchet, YI Kantor, A. Sysoev & N. Puillandre: A new operational classification of the Conoidea. In: Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77, pp. 273-308, 2011, doi : 10.1093 / mollus / eyr017 .

literature

  • Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi: Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda. In: Malacologia. 47: 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005, ISSN  0076-2997 , archive.org , ConchBooks, ISBN 978-3-92591972-5 .
  • Victor Millard (Ed.): Classification of the Mollusca. A Classification of World Wide Mollusca. Rhine Road, South Africa 1997, ISBN 0-620-21261-6 , online (PDF; 2.46 MB), at olivirv.myspecies.info, accessed February 25, 2017.
  • Winston Ponder & David Lindberg : Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs; an analysis using morphological characters. In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 119: 83-265, London 1997, ISSN  0024-4082 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1096-3642.1997.tb00137.x .
  • Frank Riedel: Origin and evolution of the "higher" Caenogastropoda. Berliner Geoscientific Abhandlungen, Series E, Volume 32, Berlin 2000, 240 pages, ISBN 3-89582-077-6 .

Web links

Commons : Conoidea  - collection of images, videos and audio files