Clomethiazole

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Structural formula
Structural formula clomethiazole
General
Non-proprietary name Clomethiazole
other names

5- (2-chloroethyl) -4-methyl-1,3-thiazole

Molecular formula C 6 H 8 ClNS
Brief description

yellow-brown, viscous oil with an unpleasant odor

External identifiers / databases
CAS number
PubChem 10783
Wikidata Q417178
Drug information
ATC code

N05 CM02

Drug class

sedative

Mechanism of action

Modulation of the GABA A receptor

properties
Molar mass 161.65 g mol −1
boiling point

92 ° C (933 Pa)

pK s value

3.2

solubility

little in water (1.04 g l −1 at 25 ° C)

safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
05 - Corrosive 07 - Warning

danger

H and P phrases H: 302-317-318
P: 280-305 + 351 + 338
Toxicological data

2110 mg kg −1 ( LD 50mouseoral )

As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Clomethiazole ( trade name in Germany and Switzerland: Distraneurin ® , manufacturer: AstraZeneca , colloquially also called Distra ) is a thiazole derivative , similar to the thiazole content of thiamine (vitamin B 1 ), which Hoffmann-La Roche patented in 1938. Due to its sedative , hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties, it is used as a drug from the group of psychotropic drugs .

Clomethiazole is used:

Along with benzodiazepines, clomethiazole is a first choice for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and alcohol withdrawal delirium , both in specialist clinics and in internal medicine facilities. It should be noted that the application should only take place for a short time, as clomethiazole has a high potential for dependence . The drug may only be administered in an inpatient setting, as it can, among other things, lead to a strong reduction in breathing and circulation. In addition, it must be ensured that there is no simultaneous consumption of alcohol, which can lead to extreme interactions. In particular, the fact that the dosage must be continuously adapted to the respective patient and the symptoms is also important. Since alcohol withdrawal with the risk of delirium is generally a life-threatening condition and is therefore an indication for emergency hospital admission, one thing causes the other.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c F. v. Bruchhausen, S. Ebel, AW Frahm, E. Hackenthal: Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice. Vol. 7 (substances A – D), Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-52688-9 .
  2. a b Entry on clomethiazole in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .
  3. a b Data sheet Chlormethiazole hydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 23, 2011 ( PDF ).
  4. a b c Specialist information from the Swiss Medicines Compendium for Distraneurin by AstraZeneca - as of July 23, 2009.
  5. ^ S1 guideline alcohol delirium of the German Society for Neurology (DGN). In: AWMF online (as of 2012)