Cohors I Thracum (Britannia)
The Cohors I Thracum [civium Romanorum] [equitata] ( German 1st cohort of the Thracians [of the Roman citizens] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.
Name components
- Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .
- I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...
- Thracum : The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Thracian people on the territory of the Roman province of Thrace when the unit was established .
- civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in an inscription.
- equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in an inscription.
Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.
history
The cohort was stationed in the province of Britannia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 122 to 178.
Unity has been attested in Britain since Flavian times. A diploma is the first to prove it in the province. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 127 to 178, prove unity in the same province.
The last evidence of the cohort is based on two inscriptions dated 205/208.
Locations
Cohort locations in Britain may have been:
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Members of the cohort
The following members of the cohort are known:
Commanders
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Others
See also
Web links
- 2260 - Cohors I Thracum. Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB), accessed February 10, 2019 .
literature
- John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4
Remarks
- ↑ The scenario given here follows the explanations of John Spaul . It is based on a single Cohors I Thracum , which was stationed in the province of Britannia . Other historians, however, assume that two different cohorts, the Cohors I Thracum civium Romanorum and the Cohors I Thracum equitata , were stationed in Britain.
- ↑ a b The assignment to the unit is assumed, but is not certain.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inscription with civium Romanorum ( RIB 1909 )
- ↑ inscription with equitata ( RIB 740 )
- ↑ Military diplomas of the years 122 ( CIL 16, 69 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 240 ), 131 ( ZPE-174-189 ), 158 ( RMD 5, 420 ) and 178 ( RMD 3, 184 , RMD 4, 293 , RMD 4, 294 ).
- ^ A b c John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 353-354, 357-358.
- ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF ).
- ^ Paul A. Holder : A Roman Military Diploma from Ravenglass, Cumbria. In: Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. Volume 79, number 1 (1997), pp. 3–42, here p. 19 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Inscriptions ( RIB 740 , RIB 1909 )
- ↑ Inscription from Banna ( RIB 1909 )
- ↑ Inscriptions from Lavatrae ( AE 1988, 850 , RIB 730 , RIB 732 , RIB 733 , RIB 734 , RIB 740 , RIB 741 )
- ↑ Inscription from Pons Aelius ( RIB 1323 )
- ↑ Inscription from Viroconium ( RIB 291 )