Ctenopoma
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Unspecified "Ctenopoma" species in an aquarium at Leipzig Zoo . |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
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| Peters , 1844 |
Ctenopoma is a genus from the family of climbing fish and bush fish (Anabantidae). The taxon is considered to be a paraphyletic collective genus of less specialized bush fish. Only three species form a monophylum ( Ctenopoma ( sensu stricto )). The remaining 15 species form a hitherto undescribed additional bushfish genus and until they are reassigned by quotes around the generic names selected ( "Ctenopoma" ).
distribution
The species of Ctenopoma (sensu stricto) occur in tropical West Africa from the Niger Delta over the river basin of the Ogowe in Gabon to the Congo Basin .
"Ctenopoma" is widespread in tropical Africa. The distribution area extends from Senegal to the catchment area of Lake Chad , the Nile and the rivers that flow into the large East African lakes ( Lake Albert , Lake Edward , Lake Malawi , Lake Tanganyika , Lake Victoria ). In the south, their distribution area extends to the Zambezi , Okavango and Ngami Lakes in Botswana . The greatest biodiversity is found in the Congo Basin.
features
"Ctenopoma" species are 4.0 to 24.5 cm long, with Ctenopoma (sensu stricto) the maximum sizes are between 11.2 cm and 17.0 cm. Compared to the dwarf bush fish ( Microctenopoma ), most Ctenopoma species are higher back and less colorful. There is no gender dimorphism . As with cichlids , the sideline of all bush fish is divided into a front section that runs close to the dorsal fin and a rear section that runs along the middle of the flank. There is a single sensory pore between the eyes. All bones of the gill cover have sawn rear edges. The labyrinth organ is used to absorb atmospheric oxygen in oxygen-poor waters.
- Scale formula : SL 29-34.
Way of life
Ctenopoma species live mainly in smaller, heavily shaded and plant-rich waters, are carnivorous and eat anything they can overwhelm. They are free spawners and, unlike the dwarf bush fish, do not care for their brood.
Systematics
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Ctenopoma (sensu stricto) is the sister genus of the South African Cape bush fish ( Sandelia ), "Ctenopoma" that of the dwarf bush fish ( Microctenopoma ).
Ctenopoma ( sensu stricto )
- Ctenopoma gabonense Günther 1896
- Ctenopoma nigropannosum (Reichenow, 1875)
- Ctenopoma pellegrini (Boulenger, 1902)
"Ctenopoma"
- Leopard bushfish ( "Ctenopoma" acutirostre ) (Pellegrin, 1899)
- "Ctenopoma" argentoventer ( Ahl , 1922)
- "Ctenopoma" ashbysmithi Banister & Bailey, 1979
- "Ctenopoma" garuanum (Ahl, 1927)
- Tail spot bushfish ( "Ctenopoma" kingsleyae ) Günther , 1896
- "Ctenopoma" machadoi (Fowler, 1930)
- "Ctenopoma" maculatum Thominot, 1886
- "Ctenopoma" multispine (Peters, 1844)
- Nile bushfish ( "Ctenopoma" muriei ) (Boulenger, 1906)
- "Ctenopoma" nebulosum (Norris & Teugels, 1990)
- "Ctenopoma" ocellatum (Pellegrin, 1899)
- "Ctenopoma" petherici (Günther, 1864)
- "Ctenopoma" riggenbachi (Ahl, 1927)
- "Ctenopoma" togoensis (Ahl, 1928)
- "Ctenopoma" weeksii (Boulenger, 1896)
literature
- Melanie Stiassny, Guy Teugels, Carl D. Hopkins: The Fresh and Brackish Water Fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume 2, ISBN 978-90-74752-21-3 .
- Lukas Rüber, Ralf Britz, Rafael Zardoya: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Diversification of Labyrinth Fishes (Perciformes: Anabantoidei). In: Syst. Biol. 55 (3) 2006, ISSN 1063-5157 , pp. 374-397. doi : 10.1080 / 10635150500541664
Web links
- Ctenopoma on Fishbase.org (English)