D-470
| Sewdormasch | |
|---|---|
 Restored D-470 snow blower at a classic car show (2009)
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| D-470 | |
| Manufacturer: | Sewdormasch |
| Sales designation: |
Д-470 ДЭ-204 |
| Production period: | 1959-1986 |
| Previous model: | D-262 |
| Successor: | DE-210 |
| Technical specifications | |
| Designs: | Snow blower |
| Engines: | R6 diesel engine |
| Power: | 130 kW |
| Perm. Total weight: | 8.82 t |
The D-470 ( Russian Д-470 ) is a heavy snowblower based on the Soviet truck ZIL-157 , which was built in series from 1959 to 1986. The snow clearing technology was developed in a mechanical engineering plant in Rybinsk , series production took place at Sewdormasch in Severodvinsk on the White Sea . Due to changed naming systems, the machines were named DE-204 (Russian ДЭ-204) from 1968 . They were exported to just under a dozen countries, around 90 copies also came to the German Democratic Republic .
Vehicle history
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A similar heavy snow blower based on the ZIS-151 had been built since 1951 with the D-262 . The development of the successor model D-470 began in 1958 in the Rybinsk plant for road engineering . The chief designer of the project was W. K. Korschunow. Just one year later, however, the development of the D-470 was transferred to the Mechanitscheski Sawod No. 6 (Mechanical Plant No. 6, Russian Механический завод №6) in Severodvinsk, which was renamed in December 1962 in Sevdormasch (Russian Севдормаш, short for Severodvinsk Road Machine Plant ). The first machine from Severodvinsk production was completed on May 1, 1959, and eleven more vehicles were built in the same year. In the following years, the production numbers rose sharply, until 1966 1000 copies were produced.
The snow blower is based on the ZIL-157 truck from the Zavod imeni Lichatschowa . The current version was used as the chassis: From 1958 to 1961 the ZIL-157E, then until 1978 the ZIL-157KE and from then until the end of production of the ZIL-157KDE. At Sewdormasch the trucks were extensively rebuilt. The 5.55 liter gasoline engine was completely removed, the space under the bonnet remained empty. Instead, a six-cylinder diesel engine was mounted on the chassis behind the cab, which drives both the three axles and the snow blower via gears, shafts and chains. The У2Д6-С2 type engine is basically a "halved" tank engine. As a V12 with two cylinder banks and significantly higher power, it was used in many Soviet tanks since the T-34 . The six-cylinder engine has a displacement of just over 19 liters and an output of 175 hp (130 kW). The augers of the snow blower consist of steel tubes that are wrapped in a spiral with metal sheets and welded. A six-blade rotor sits behind the snails and throws the snow to the side. The direction and angle of the discharge can be adjusted hydraulically.
In addition to the drive train, small changes were made to the vehicle. The front bumper was omitted without replacement, the headlights were dismantled and relocated to the cab roof. An additional heater was installed, which is independent of the diesel engine's water circuit. A second circuit with a nominal voltage of 24 V (instead of the vehicle's 12 V on-board voltage) has been added. During the production period, there were several revisions, the most significant in 1978. In that year, the vehicle was technically standardized with the successor DE-210 , which is based on the ZIL-131 . These snow blowers were designated as D-470A and DE-204A respectively and were able to clear up to 720 tons of snow per hour. They were manufactured parallel to the DE-210 until 1986. Since the early 1970s (at another Soviet plant), the D-902 , a more powerful snow blower based on the Ural-375, was also built.
D-470 snow blowers were used both militarily and civilly. A large number were found on military airfields with the Soviet Army , but they were also used at civil airports and in road service. A total of about 500 copies were exported to the following countries: Turkey (109 pieces), GDR (88), Poland (85), Czechoslovakia (65), Romania (46), Iran (35), Bulgaria (30), Hungary (20) , Mongolia (15), Yugoslavia (10) and Iraq (3). A service support point for the machines was also set up in Turkey. Some D-470 are still in use today.
Technical specifications
For the series vehicles of the type D-470 from 1959, unless otherwise noted.
- Base vehicle:
- ZIL-157E (1958–1961)
- ZIL-157KE (1962-1978)
- ZIL-157KDE (1978-1986)
- Engine: four-stroke R6 diesel engine , water-cooled
- Engine type: У2Д6-С2 (German U2D6-S2), later also У2Д6-С3 and У2Д6-С4
- Power: 175 HP (130 kW)
- Displacement: 19,440 cm³
- Tank capacity: 2 × 150 l
- Transmission: five-speed mechanical transmission with reverse gear
- Reduction gear: mechanical, two-stage
- Top speed: 40 km / h
- Working speed: 0.4–5.8 km / h
- On-board voltage: 12 V + 24 V.
- Drive formula : 6 × 6
Dimensions and weights
- Length: 8000 mm
- Width: 2570 mm
- Height: 2530 mm
- Wheelbase: 3665 + 1120 mm
- Front track: 1755 mm
- Rear track: 1750 mm
- Weight when ready for use: 8820 kg
- Turning circle: 22.4 m
- Tire size: 12.00-18 ″
- Maximum clearable snow mass per hour: 625 tons, from 1978: 720 tons
- maximum snow depth: 1300 mm
Individual evidence
- ↑ Website for the D-262 based on the ZIS-151 (Russian)
- ↑ a b c d e f g History and data about the vehicle on aviaros.narod.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Website for the snow blower D-902 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Ralf Kunkel: Type compass GDR trucks. Imports from the USSR . P. 19.
- ^ Yevgeny Kochnev: Автомобили Советской Армии 1946–1991 . Chapter on ZIL-157.
literature
- Ralf Kunkel: GDR truck type compass. Imports from the USSR . Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart, 1st edition 2015, ISBN 978-3-613-03799-1 .
- Yevgeny Kochev: Автомобили Советской Армии 1946–1991 . Eksmo, 2011, ISBN 978-5-699-46736-5 .
Web links
- Vehicle history and collection of technical data (Russian)
- Website of the former manufacturer (Russian) ( Memento from February 10, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- Video of the use of a D-470 on the island of Rügen in winter 2013