Degehabur
Coordinates: 8 ° 13 ' N , 43 ° 34' E
Degehabur ( Ge'ez : ደገሃቡር Degehabur or ደጋህ ቡር Dägah Bur , Somali : Dhagaxbuur ; other spellings: Degehabour , Deghabour , Dagahbur , Dagabur , Degeh Bur , Daggah Bur ) is a city in the Somali region of Ethiopia . It is the capital of degehabur zone , located in the territory of Somaliland from the communities of Ogadeni- Darod . According to the 2005 census, it had 42,815 inhabitants. In 1997, 95.92% of the 28,708 residents were Somali and 2.53% were Amhars .
Degehabur is located at an altitude of 1106 meters on the Jerer River , which flows from the highlands around Harar into the Ogaden plain . The place name is derived from the Somali word dhagax for "stone" and refers to the rocky appearance of the area.
history
Degehabur has wells and was a major center for trade caravans in the 1800s, but lost that importance in the late 19th century as a result of multiple raids and looting.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the area around Degehabur was affected by the war of "Mad Mullah" Mohammed Abdullah Hassan against Ethiopia and the colonial powers Great Britain and Italy. The troops of the first Ethiopian governor of Harar, Ras Makonnen Wolde Michael, came together in Degehabur to fight against Mohammed Abdullah Hassan.
In the war of fascist Italy against Ethiopia in 1935/36, Degehabur was the headquarters of the commandant Dejazmach Nasibu Emmanuel . The place was bombed several times, including using poison gas against the residents and once attacked a Red Cross camp (see Italian war crimes in Africa ). During the subsequent Italian occupation , a bridge was built as part of the connection from Addis Ababa via Jijiga to Beledweyne and Mogadishu . In 1938 Degehabur had around 2000 inhabitants. Great Britain, which defeated the Italians in Ethiopia in the course of the Second World War in 1941, administered Degehabur and the Haud region as part of British Somaliland until 1948 .
Ethiopia set up one of its - next to Gode - largest garrisons in Degehabur to arm itself against the threat from Somali separatists who wanted the region to join Greater Somalia . In the short border war between Ethiopia and Somalia in 1964 and in the Ogaden War in 1977/78 there were battles for Degehabur. In the late 1980s, Somalia's civil war drove refugees from the neighboring country to the area.
In 1994, several people, including the imam of the local mosque, were arrested on suspicion of supporting the separatist Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF). The last elections were won by the Somali People's Democratic Party (SPDP) in 2005 . Since 2007 the conflict between the ONLF and the Ethiopian army has intensified . The ONLF carried out attacks in Degehabur and the surrounding area. The army, which has a base in Degehabur, has abused the civilian population, including rape and extrajudicial executions. Surrounding villages were forcibly evacuated and then partly burned down.
Economy and Infrastructure
The MSF is running a health post in degehabur. Natural gas deposits have been found in Shilabo south of Degehabur, and preparations are being made to use them. In 2007, the repair of a road to Jijiga was almost finished, which should promote the general development and especially the use of the gas reserves. In March 2009, a road link to Shekosh was under construction, with half of the 1,100 people on the project being local.
swell
- Alain Gascon: Dägah Bur , in: Siegbert Uhlig (Ed.): Encyclopaedia Aethiopica , Volume 2, 2005, ISBN 978-3-447-05238-2
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Human Rights Watch: Collective Punishment - War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity in the Ogaden area of Ethiopia's Somali Region , 2008
- ↑ Central Ethiopian Statistics Agency : 2005 National Statistics, Section – B Population ( Memento of the original from February 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Table B.4 (PDF; 1.8 MB)
- ↑ CSA: 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Somali Region, Vol. 1 ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 51.8 MB), 1994/1997
- ↑ a b c The Nordic Africa Institute: Local History in Ethiopia (PDF)
- ↑ Ethiopian News Agency : Jijjiga-Degehabur asphalt road enables to strengthen development ( Memento from November 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) October 31, 2007
- ^ Ethiopian Road Construction Corporation: Degehabour – Kebridehare Road Upgrading Project , March 6, 2009
