Degehabur zone
The Degehabur Zone is an administrative zone of the Somali region in Ethiopia . It is located in the northeast of the region on the border with Somalia . The capital of the zone is Degehabur (Degeh Bur, Dhagaxbuur).
population
According to the Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia for 2007, the Degehabur zone had 478,168 inhabitants, of whom 62,584 lived in urban areas. In 1997, of 324,308 inhabitants, 99.55% were Somali , 99.58% spoke Somali as their mother tongue. 4.43% could read and write. The Somali mainly include the communities of Ogadeni- Darod to, besides other clans as those Isaaq and Abasguul (Abaskul) represented.
structure
According to the documents of the Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia from 2007 and a map of the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency from 2006, the zone is divided into the five woredas Degehabur , Degehamedo (Degahmadow), Aware , Misraq Gashamo (Gashamo) and Gunagudo (Gunagoda). In the 1998 and 2005 documents, however, Gunagudo is not mentioned, the area in question appears on a map as part of Aware. The division within the Somali region has been changed several times, often in the context of local power struggles.
places
Larger places in the Degehabur zone are Degehabur, Daror , Rabaso , Aboker , Aware , Birkot and Gashamo .
economy
The most important livelihood of the population is livestock, which is predominantly nomadic . The east of the zone with the woredas Gashamo and Aware belongs to the Haud area, where camels and small cattle are kept. In the western part - where the rivers Jerer , Fafen , Sulul and Daakhato flow from the Harar plateau from north to south - the connection between agriculture and the keeping of sheep, goats, camels and cattle ( agropastoralism ) dominates. Sorghum is the most important crop here, and maize is also grown, especially in the northern part, where the agricultural potential is higher. Pure ranchers make up a majority of an estimated 65 to 75% of the population, agropastoralists make up 25 to 35%. Around 5% live in cities from non-agricultural activities. More recently, drought-hit ranchers have increasingly turned to agropastoralism. Degehabur's market is the zone's most important market, with imported goods coming in via Hargeysa (in Northern Somalia / Somaliland ) and Hartisheik (in the Jijiga zone ).
In addition to the Jijiga Zone, the Degehabur Zone has been hit hardest by deforestation for the production of charcoal. The charcoal is mainly sold to traders from Hargeysa, some of whom export it to the Gulf States .
politics
The Degehabur zone is affected by the conflict between the separatist Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) and the Ethiopian army, which has intensified since 2007. In early 2007, the ONLF attacked the Gunagudo police station, allegedly killing 25 people. In April it killed over 70 Chinese workers and Ethiopians in an attack on the Abole oil field . The valley of the Fafen and the Gohdi basin are considered "strongholds" of the ONLF. According to Human Rights Watch , the main anti-insurgency abuses committed by the army were against civilians in the area. In the vicinity of Degehabur, for example, villages were evacuated and some of them were subsequently burned down. There were also rape, torture and extrajudicial executions by soldiers.
swell
- ↑ a b Central Statistical Agency : Population and Housing Census Report - Somali Region - 2007 ( Memento of the original dated November 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.9 MB), p. 73
- ↑ a b CSA: 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Somali Region, Vol. 1 ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 49.4 MB), 1998
- ↑ a b c Save the Children / Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency: Degahbur Agropastoral Livelihood Zone ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 931 kB), 2001
- ↑ Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency: Administrative Region and Woreda Map of Somali ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2006 (PDF; 150 kB)
- ↑ Central Statistical Agency : 2005 National Statistics, Section – B Population ( Memento of the original dated February 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Tables B.3, B.4 (PDF; 1.7 MB)
- ↑ UN OCHA Ethiopia: Somali Region ( Memento of February 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), 2005 (PDF)
- ↑ Tobias Hagmann: Beyond Clannishness and Colonialism: Understanding political disorder in Ethiopia's Somali Region, 1991–2004 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: Journal of Modern African Studies 43 (4), 2005 (PDF), p. 12
- ↑ CHF International: Grassroots Conflict Assessment of the Somali Region, Ethiopia, August 2006 (p. 19; PDF; 535 kB)
- ↑ Human Rights Watch: Collective Punishment - War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity in the Ogaden area of Ethiopia's Somali Region , 2008
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