Airlines in Gdansk

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The airlines in Gdansk were founded when the city of Gdansk became a Free State in 1920 . The airlines were based at Gdansk Airport .

In 1926 the German airlines merged to form Deutsche Luft Hansa (DLH) . Since the Paris Aviation Agreement came into force for the German Reich in May 1926, the approval of German aircraft in the Danzig aircraft role no longer offered any advantages, and the existing Danzig airlines were liquidated.

Local companies

Danzig air shipping company

Founded on October 27, 1919, Danziger Luft-Reederei GmbH was a subsidiary of Deutsche Luft-Reederei (DLR). The Danzig air shipping company received its approval from the German Reich Air Office in Berlin. It became a member of the International Air Traffic Association (today: IATA) in 1920 . In mid-1921 the company had a fleet of nine aircraft, which was soon reduced to four Fokker following the confiscation of all former military aircraft by the Allies . The first flight to Riga was in July 1921, and the Estonian capital Reval in September of that year . The color scheme of the aircraft was initially black and yellow, in 1922 it was probably dark green.

After Deutsche Luft-Reederei and Lloyd Luftdienst merged to form Deutsche Aero Lloyd (DAL) in February 1923, the Danzig companies also merged to form Danziger Aero Lloyd on June 9, 1923 .

Airplane park 1921
Crashes or total losses
  • Rumpler CI (FD 12), on May 12, 1921 in Danzig
  • Fokker F.III (FD 20), on June 6, 1921 in Memel

Gdansk airmail

Danziger Luftpost GmbH was founded in early 1921 by local trustees for Lloyd Ostflug GmbH in Berlin. The first managing director until 1923 was Erhard Milch , who came to Gdansk from the disbanded "Koenigsberg Police Squadron" and with this position began his civilian career, which led to the Lufthansa Executive Committee. Behind Lloyd Ostflug were also companies owned by Hugo Junkers , who had developed the Junkers F 13, the first all-metal aircraft in civil aviation. By August 1921, four F 13s with double, German / Danziger registration flew to the Lithuanian and Latvian capitals of Kovno and Riga .

The Danzig Airmail made it possible for Junkers to supply the Polish airline Polska Linja Lotnicza Aerolloyd with aircraft via the Free State, thus disguising its substantial stake in this company. Of the nine F 13s in the Aerolloyd's original equipment, seven were registered in Gdansk, but only two had flown for airmail. Two more machines went to Junkers Russia with Gdansk approval , four went to Junkers Luftverkehr , one to Colombia , one flew with Gdansk approval from Bayerischer Luft-Lloyd . Furthermore, attempts were made to withdraw illegally built F 13s in Danzig air traffic from the access of the Allied authorities, whereby construction numbers were also changed. Of 26 F 13s that received Gdansk approval via airmail, nine were resold directly and seven were sold “used”.

The Junkers planes from Lloyd Ostflug and Danziger Luftpost were painted black and yellow. The fuselage, wing tops and tail units of the Danzig machines were painted in postal yellow with black borders. Since the engines were heavily oiled, the front area and the underside were painted black. The rudder bore the Danzig national emblem: two white crosses on a red background. These national emblems were only prescribed by a circumferential band on the outer wings.

In March 1922, Lloyd Ostflug was split up due to the different shareholder interests, and the same took place in Danzig. Most of the machines stayed with the airmail, which was now controlled by Junkers. In September 1922, the Danzig Airmail entered into a joint venture with the PLL Aerolloyd and became more and more a ground organization. The company was sold in 1927 and acted as a representative for foreign airlines in Gdansk.

Aircraft park
  • 7, later 10 Junkers F 13
  • 6 Rumpler CI for mail flights

Danzig Lloyd Air Service

After the division of Lloyd Ostflug, Danziger Lloyd Luftdienst GmbH was founded on March 6, 1922 as a Danziger subsidiary of Lloyd Luftdienst in Bremen. She received a Junkers F 13 and three Rumpler CI from the Danziger Luftpost.

Following the merger of the parent companies, Danziger Lloyd Luftdienst, like Danziger Luft-Reederei, merged into Danziger Aero Lloyd in May 1923.

Aircraft park
  • 3 Junkers F 13
  • 7 Rumpler CI

Danzig Aero Lloyd

Trustees of Deutsche Aero Lloyd AG in Berlin founded Danziger Aero Lloyd GmbH on June 9, 1923 as a merger of Danziger Luft-Reederei and Danziger Lloyd Luftdienst. The machines were painted light gray and black and were marked with Otto Firle's “ crane ” , which Lufthansa still has as its logo today .

Although five of the Fokker aircraft flew for Luft Hansa in 1926 and had their company name on the hood, they still retained their Gdansk approval for some time. A Danziger Luft Hansa was not founded, the trustees only liquidated Danziger Aero Lloyd after November 1927.

Aircraft park
  • 3 Junkers F 13
  • 2 Fokker F.II
  • 2, later (1925) 5 Fokker Fokker F.III
  • 7 Rumpler CI
Crashes or total losses
  • Junkers F 13 (Dz40), on May 7, 1923 in Pomerania
  • Fokker F.III (Dz100), on May 26, 1925 in Tempelhof

International Air Transport Company "Ileg"

The company was founded in Gdansk in February 1921. The plan was to fly eight seaplanes from Danzig to Poland and Finland. Since the Allies confiscated and destroyed the machines as former military equipment in August 1921, the project could not be realized.

Foreign companies

German companies

  • Lloyd Ostflug (1921-1922)
  • Lloyd Air Service (1922–1922)
  • German Air Shipping Company (DLR; 1921–1923)
  • Junkers air traffic (1922–1925)
  • Air traffic Pomerania, Stettin (1925)
  • Deruluft (1925–1936)
  • Luft Hansa (1926–1945)

Others

PLL Aerolloyd / PLL Aerolot

The PLL Aerolloyd Sp. Z oo (1922-1925), controlled by Junkers, was initially supplied with airborne material via Danzig. The airline's first technical manager was Erhard Milch from Danziger Luftpost. The successor company PLL Aerolot SA (1925-1927) was taken over by the Polskie line Lotnicze LOT on December 27, 1928 in accordance with the presidential ordinance of March 14, 1928. The remaining twelve Junkers F 13 were taken over by LOT and used until 1936.

Aircraft park
  • 6 Junkers F 13 (1922)
  • 9 Junkers F 13 (1923; 7 of them had a Danziger Luftpost approval)
  • 12 Junkers F 13 (1928)

In 1934, LOT introduced a winter break on the Gdansk – Warsaw route for the first time . From 1936/1937 there were no more flights to Danzig, but the flights ended in Rumia near Gdynia, Poland .

Other airlines

Kannenberg Aviation School

Kurt Otto Kannenberg dealt with automobiles and had a sales agency for Stahlwerk Mark monoplane. His flight school opened on July 2, 1924 and had two successor companies.

Danziger Fliegerschule GmbH (1925–1927)
  • 1 DFW CV
  • 1 Rumpler CI
  • 1 Albatros B.II
Gdansk Aviation School May & Bergmann (1927 – after 1933)
  • 1 Rumpler CI
  • 1 Albatros B.II
Trieb & Cie

HW Trieb offered sightseeing flights over the Danzig Free State from 1924, and he also operated air transport and aircraft trading “on the verge of legality”.

  • 2 DFW CV
  • 1 Rumpler CI

societies

Gdańsk Aviation Association

The Danzig Aviation Association was brought into line in autumn 1933 as the Danzig National Aviation Association .

German Academic Aviation Group of the Technical University of Danzig

Despite many efforts, Akaflieg Danzig remained the only aircraft manufacturer in the Free City of Danzig, even if it only completed four gliders . From 1930 until the beginning of the war, powered flight was also operated. As with the aforementioned club, only powered aircraft with German approval were flown recently. When Danzig was annexed to the Reich, the Akaflieg Aviation Technical Group Danzig (FFG Danzig) became part of the German Aviation Research Institute

Motor aircraft:

Akademicki Aeroklub Gdański

After a first start in 1929, the Polish Akademicki Aeroklub Gdański was registered in the Free City in 1931. Since the political negotiations about overflight permits dragged on, he took up his flight activities in Rumia. In 1933 the name was changed to Aeroklub Gdański , and since 2013 it has been based in Pruszcz Gdański .

Web links

  • Maciej Bakun: LOTNISKA In: Gedanopedia (Polish)
  • Günter Frost: [ EXTRACTS FROM THE AVIATION HISTORY OF THE FREE CITY OF DANZIG 1920 - 1939. Part 1: Organization and development of Danzig aviation until 1921. ] (pdf; Frost 1)
  • Günter Frost: [ EXTRACTS FROM THE AVIATION HISTORY OF THE FREE CITY OF DANZIG 1920 - 1939. Part 2: The period from 1921 to 1939. ] (pdf; Frost 2)
  • Günter Frost: [ EXTRACTS FROM THE AVIATION HISTORY OF THE FREE CITY OF GDANZIG 1920 - 1939. Part 3: Painting, naming and identification of the Gdansk aircraft. ] (pdf; Frost 3)

literature

  • Günter Frost: Approval and marking of aircraft of the Free City of Danzig 1920 - 1939 In: JET & PROP. No. 5 (2006) - No. 4 (2007).

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Spelling from 1933: Deutsche Lufthansa
  2. ↑ Frost 1. p. 13f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  3. ↑ Frost 1. p. 14 (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  4. ↑ Frost 3. p. 1ff. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Frost 3. pp. 9–13. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  6. ↑ Frost 1. p. 22.
  7. ↑ Frost 1. p. 15f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  8. ↑ Frost 2. pp. 5–8. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  9. ↑ Frost 3. pp. 4–7. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  10. ↑ Frost 1. p. 16f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  11. ↑ Frost 1. p. 17. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  12. ↑ Frost 1. p. 18. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  13. ↑ Frost 2. pp. 8, 10f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  14. ↑ Frost 1. p. 18f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  15. ↑ Frost 1. p. 19. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  16. ↑ Frost 1. p. 19 below. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  17. ↑ Frost 1. p. 20f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)
  18. ↑ Frost 1. p. 21f. (accessed on May 25, 2018)