Rumia
| Rumia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Wejherowo | ||
| Area : | 30.08 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 34 ' N , 18 ° 24' E | ||
| Residents : | 49,160 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 84-230 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 58 | ||
| License plate : | GWE | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 6 / E 28 Danzig - Koszalin - Stettin (- Berlin ) | ||
| Ext. 100 Rumia– Kosakowo | |||
| Rail route : | PKP line 202 Gdynia – Stargard | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Residents: | 49,160 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 2215021 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Mayoress : | Elżbieta Rogala-Kończak | ||
| Address: | ul.Sobieskiego 7 84-230 Rumia |
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| Website : | www.rumia.eu | ||
Rumia [ ˈrumʲa ] ( German Rahmel , Kashubian Rëmiô ) is a town in Kashubia in the powiat Wejherowski (Wejherowo district) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship with about 45,000 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The city is located in the former West Prussia , near the western shore of the Gulf of Gdansk , about ten kilometers northwest of Gdynia ( Gdynia ) and about 30 kilometers northwest of Gdansk .
history
The place in Pommerellen had been owned by the Oliva Monastery from 1215 to 1220 , which was compulsory for castle service across from Danzig. The Pomerellian prince Subislaus (also Subislaw ), a son of Sambor I , had given the village under the name Rumna in 1215 next to the village of Zarnowitz and other goods to the monastery. The place was first mentioned as Rumina in 1220 in a document from Prince Swantopolk II of Danzig. In 1309 the village came to the Teutonic Order State of Prussia together with Pomeranians through the Treaty of Soldin .
Already during the time of the Teutonic Order, the region around Neustadt and Putzig was administered from Danzig, which in 1440 had joined the Prussian Confederation opposing the order and in 1466 voluntarily joined the autonomous Prussian Royal Part under the auspices of the Polish crown . During this time, the royal Starostei in Putzig was directly responsible for the administration of Rahmel .
On the occasion of the establishment of the Union of Lublin in the Lublin Sejm announced King Sigismund II. August on 16 March 1569 the autonomy of West Prussia, however bitter under penalty sanctions unilaterally, which is why the supremacy of the Polish king in this part of the former territory of the German Order of 1569 until 1772 was perceived as foreign rule.
In 1627 Rumia was badly destroyed by the Swedes.
As part of the first division of Poland in 1772, the area around Putzig and Neustadt came under Frederick II of Prussia to the Kingdom of Prussia . Rahmel, which last belonged to the Oliva Monastery , was now part of the Kingdom of Prussia.
Around 1789 the parish village of Rahmel was an official place of the Royal Domain Office in Brück in the Dirschau district. After the reorganization of the Prussian state in 1815, Rahmel belonged to the Neustadt i. Western pr. in the administrative district of Danzig in the province of West Prussia . In the 18th and 19th centuries the village had a steel hammer, and around 1835 it also had a cutting mill. In 1849 the village of Rahmel had 468 inhabitants who lived in 53 houses.
In 1867 Rahmel was officially considered a market town . In 1870 the railway line Szczecin ↔ Danzig was opened. With the introduction of the districts in Prussia on May 21, 1874 in the Neustadt i. Western pr. the District Rahmel no. 7 formed. It included the rural communities Rahmel, Sagorsch and Schmelz and the manor districts Johannisdorf and Rahmel. On October 3, 1889, the district committee determined that the Sagorsch rural community also included the village of Schmelz and therefore did not exist as an independent rural community of Schmelz. On January 29, 1912, the Johannisdorf manor was incorporated into the Rahmel rural community.
Until January 20, 1920 Rahmel belonged to the district Neustadt in the administrative district of Gdansk the province of West Prussia of the German Reich .
After the end of the First World War , the Neustadt i. Western pr. - with the administrative district Rahmel, the rural communities Rahmel and Sagorsch, as well as the manor district Rahmel - be assigned to Poland on the basis of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty . The area became part of the Polish Corridor .
In 1935 an airport was opened near Rumia, there was passenger flight operations with the capital Warsaw .
With the attack on Poland in 1939, the annexed area of the Polish Corridor, in violation of international law , became part of the German Reich . The annexed area was first incorporated into the Reichsgau West Prussia on October 26, 1939 , later the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia , to which Rahmel belonged until 1945.
During the National Socialist rule there were several prisoner of war and labor camps near Rahmel, u. a. the joint camp -Flugzeugwerk-Kurt-Kannenberg and the Eastern workers camp of the company Apparatenbau Gotenhafen GmbH in Rahmel-Sagorsch.
New districts were formed on October 24, 1940. Then the Rahmel district was re-established. It now included the communities Kasimir, Lensitz, Rahmel and Sagorsch. On June 25, 1942, two parishes were renamed, namely:
- Kasimir in Bruchwinkel and
- Sagorsch in Schmelztal .
On January 1, 1945 there was therefore the Rahmel district with the communities Bruchwinkel, Lensitz, Rahmel and Schmelztal. It was last administered by the Commissioner in Rahmel.
Towards the end of the Second World War , Rahmel was occupied by the Red Army in March 1945 . Had not fled far as German citizens, they were in the period that followed sold .
The current city was created in 1954 from the village Rumia and the neighboring villages Zagórze, Biala Rzeka, Szmelta and Janowo; it forms together with Reda (Rheda) and Wejherowo (Neustadt) the economic region "Small Kashubian Tricity" ( Małe Trójmiasto Kaszubskie ), next to the "Big Tricity" ( Danzig , Sopot (Sopot) and Gdynia (Gdynia)).
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 383 | in 45 houses |
| 1823 | 446 | with the Vorwerk (63 people) |
| 1849 | 468 | in 53 residential buildings |
| 1852 | 625 | |
| 1867 | 768 | As of December 3, 1867 |
| 1871 | 818 | in 76 inhabited houses |
| 1905 | 827 | Rural community 760 (including 579 Germans), manor district 67 (including 67 Germans), mostly Catholics |
On June 30, 2012 Rumia had 47,148 inhabitants.
Districts
The municipality of Rumia consists of the following districts:
| Polish name | Kashubian name | German name (until 1920 and 1939-1945) |
|---|---|---|
| Biała Rzeka | Kanié Bùdë | White river |
| Janowo | Rëmiô Janowò | Johannisdorf |
| Lotnisko | - (1939–1945 Rahmel Air Base ) | |
| Stara Piła | Starô Piła | Staravilla |
| Stara Rumia | Sterô Rëmiô | Alt-Rahmel |
| Szmelta | Rëmiô Szmelta | Enamel |
| Zagórze | Rëmiô Zagòrzé | Sagorsch (1942–1945 Schmelztal ) |
Parish
The population present in Rahmel before 1945 was partly Roman Catholic and partly Protestant. A Catholic parochial church was available to the Catholics in Rahmel.
Around 1860 a new Protestant church was built in Rahmel. In 1861 the Protestant parish Rahmel was formed, in which a total of 34 localities were parish. With the formation of the Evangelical Church in the Royal Prussian Lands from 1817, the parish belonged to its regional structures, with the interruption from 1923 to 1940, when it belonged to the Uniate Evangelical Church in Poland .
sons and daughters of the town
- Edmund Wohlfeil (1902–1939), vicar in Rumia, murdered in Piaśnica in 1939
- Erika Steinbach (* 1943), former president of the Association of Expellees
- Edmund Wittbrodt (* 1947), former rector of the Technical University of Danzig and Polish Minister of Education
- Katarzyna Kurowska (* 1964), Polish actress (pseudonym: Joanna Kurowska).
literature
- Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, e-copy .
Web links
- City website (Polish)
- Website about the city (Polish)
- historical map
Footnotes
- ↑ Information on the city's own homepage ( memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 16 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 .
- ^ A. Reusch: West Prussia under Polish scepter. Ceremonial speech given at the Elbinger Gymnasium on 13th Spt. 1872 . In: Altpreußische Monatsschrift , NF, Volume 10, Königsberg 1873, pp. 140–154, especially p. 146 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 ff .
- ↑ See for example State Archives Danzig - Guide to the holdings up to 1945 (Czeław Biernat, ed.), Oldenbourg, Munich 2000, p. 248 .
- ^ A b Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, p. 57, No. 2.)
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. dan_neustadt.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ August Karl von Holscher: Geography and Statistics of West, South and New East Prussia - In addition to a brief history of the Kingdom of Poland up to its division , Volume 3, Berlin 1807, p. 105.
- ^ August Eduard Preuss: Prussian country and folklore . Königsberg 1835, p. 411, no.26.
- ^ A b Eugen Huhn: Topographical-statistical-historical lexicon of Germany . Volume V, Hildburghausen 1849, p.374.
- ^ The results of the census in the Prussian state of December 3, 1867 . Berlin 1869, section The district councils , p. 185
- ^ Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf and Heinrich Friedrich Rumpf: Complete topographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 2, Berlin 1820, p. 435 .
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell: New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state , Volume 4, Halle 1823, p. 110, No. 308 & 309 .
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 496.
- ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau Berlin: Prussian Statistics . Berlin 1871, 185.
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, pp. 228-229, no. 157 .
- ↑ http://gov.genealogy.net/item/show/RUMMIAJO94EN
- ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of West Prussia. Based on the materials from the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Prussian State Statistical Office. In: Königliches Prussisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. Book II, 1908, DNB 365941689 , ZDB -ID 1046036-6 , p. 90-94 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/l_ludnosc_stan_struktura_30062012.pdf
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Danzig , No. 16, of April 17, 1861, pp. 44–45
- ↑ The parish belonged from 1817 to 1832 and 1886 to 1923 to the church province of West Prussia with its seat in Gdansk, from 1832 to 1886 to the church province of Prussia with its seat in Königsberg in Prussia and then from 1940 to 1945 to the church area of Danzig-West Prussia with its seat in Gdansk.
- ↑ Edmund Wohlfeil (English; The photo shows his brother Robert Wohlfeil .)
