Władysławowo
| Władysławowo | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Pucki | ||
| Gmina : | Władysławowo | ||
| Area : | 12.59 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 48 ' N , 18 ° 24' E | ||
| Residents : | 10,020 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 84-104 to 84-131 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 58 | ||
| License plate : | GPU | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext . 215 : Sulicice - Karwia - Władysławowo | ||
| Ext. 216 : Hel - Puck - Reda | |||
| Rail route : | Reda-Hel | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Władysławowo [ vwadɨswa'vɔvɔ ] ( German Großendorf ; Kashubian Wiôlgô Wies ; Polish formerly Wielkawiecz , later Wielki Wsi ) is a town on the Baltic Sea with a seaside resort and a fishing port in the Pucki powiat of the Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with more than 15,000 inhabitants.
geography
The city is located in Kashubia - in the former West Prussia , eight kilometers north of Puck (Putzig) on the Baltic Sea coast and the Zatoka Pucka (Putziger Wiek) belonging to the Danzig Bay . Immediately adjacent to the city, the Hel (Hela) peninsula extends to the southeast .
The north-western neighboring town of Rozewie (Rixhöft) is the northernmost point of the voivodeship. At Jastrzębia Góra (Habichtberg) there is a 33 m high cliff to the Baltic Sea.
history
In the vicinity of the place there were early human settlements. In 1877 an extensive burial site from the beginning of the Iron Age was found between Großendorf and Schwarzau . The East Germanic face urns are characteristic of this culture , known as the Großendorfer culture . More recent finds were made in 1913 and 1932 in the area of today's Hallerowo.
The first mention of the Kashubian village Vela Ves comes from the year 1284. At that time the place belonged to the Duchy of Pomerania (ducal family of the Samborids ).
From 1308 to the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), the place belonged to the Teutonic Order . On March 15, 1376, the Danzig order commander Walpot von Bassenheim notarized that he had given Heinz Grobe and his heirs to occupy the village of Großendorf under culmic law , together with 30 Hufen and 15 acres of meadows on Hela . This deed of foundation was confirmed on February 25, 1633 by King Władysław IV. Wasa of Cracow .
Already during the time of the Teutonic Order, the Putziger district, divided into manor districts, with the Hela peninsula , had been administered from Danzig , which had joined the Prussian Federation in 1440 and voluntarily joined the autonomous Prussian Royal Share under the auspices of the Polish crown in 1466 . On the occasion of the establishment of the Union of Lublin in the Lublin Sejm announced King Sigismund II. August on 16 March 1569 the autonomy of West Prussia, however bitter under penalty sanctions unilaterally, which is why the supremacy of the Polish king in this part of the former territory of the German Order of 1569 until 1772 was perceived as foreign rule.
In 1598 the Polish spelling Wielka Wieś was first documented.
King Władysław IV. Wasa had the construction of a war port on the Baltic Sea begin on the Hela peninsula in 1635 to defend against the Swedes. At Vela Ves, fortifications were built between 1641 and 1643, which were completed in 1643/44 with the Władysławowo fortress built eight kilometers from the village. The construction management had the artillery lieutenant Friedrich Getkant and the master builder Johann Pleitner. With the invasion of the Swedes under Charles X Gustav in 1655, the continuation of the port construction was canceled. The village and fort Władysławowo were destroyed, as were the port facilities, the remains of which have disappeared in the Baltic Sea over the centuries. The fortress was last mapped in 1722 by Giovanni Antonio Rizzi-Zannoni in the Carte de la Pologne . The ruins of the fortress have now sunk into the Baltic Sea.
Through the first partition of Poland-Lithuania in 1772, western Prussia with the area around Putzig and Großendorf under Friedrich II. Of Prussia was reunited with the eastern part of the Kingdom of Prussia to the extent that these parts were connected with each other at the time of the Teutonic Order State of Prussia, and thus freed from Polish rule. From then on, Großendorf belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia . At that time it only had 15 residents. In 1785 Grossendorff or Wielkawiecz is referred to as a royal feudal estate and farming village with 15 hearths (households). Thirty residents died in the cholera epidemic in 1848. In 1885 Großendorf received a fire brigade.
Until 1920 the village belonged to the Great Circle Puck in the administrative district of Gdansk the province of West Prussia of the German Reich .
After the First World War , the Putziger area with Großendorf had to be ceded to Poland due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty for the purpose of establishing the Polish Corridor , with effect from January 20, 1920 and without a referendum. In the same year, the Polish officer Henryk Bagiński acquired 20 hectares of forest in the corridors of Großendorf and founded a settlement there, which he named Hallerowo in honor of General Józef Haller von Hallenburg . Haller himself acquired parts of it in the same year. Hallerowo became an excursion destination, as did the residential areas Cetniewo ( Cettnau ) and Poczernino.
In 1922 the place received a station on the Reda – Hel ( Rheda - Hela ) railway line . The Polish stretch of coast experienced an upswing into a glamorous bathing area of the Second Republic. The population also increased and rose from 507 Ew. (1907) to 727 Ew. (1931). During the construction of the Polish military port Gdynia and the fishing port than for inauguration on May 3, 1938 after the King Władysław IV. Wasa was built 1936-1938 by the existing of Polish and French companies harbor construction consortium Władysławowo was named.
With the attack on Poland in 1939, the territory of the Polish Corridor came under international law to the German Reich . Hallerowo was united with Großendorf, which in turn was incorporated into the municipality of Strellin (Strzelno) in the district of Neustadt (Westpr.) .
Towards the end of World War II , Großendorf was occupied by the Red Army on March 13, 1945 .
In 1948 Wielka Wieś and the seaside resort Hallerowo were placed under the administration of Władysławowo as equal places. On July 1, 1952, Wielka Wieś, Hallerowo and the port settlement Władysławowo were combined to form the municipality of Władysławowo, which was raised to an urban-like settlement on October 13, 1954 when it had the required number of 2,200 inhabitants. In 1961 the Church of the Holy Virgin Mary was built. The survey of the city and the incorporation of neighboring towns took place on June 30, 1963.
In 1978 the coastal landscape park Władysławowo was established on the Baltic coast. Together with the descendants of General Haller , who now live in Australia , a memorial for Haller and the Blue Army was set up in 1990 in his former Hallerówka house . The neighboring Blue House of his adjutant Captain J. Dworzański has been used for a permanent exhibition on the coastal landscape park since 1981.
In 1993, the monument to Józef Haller von Hallenburg (1873-1960) created by Stanisław Szendungowicz was erected in the city , and in the same year the city gave itself a new coat of arms, which is intended to highlight the Kashubian traditions. Below the coat of arms is the phrase We stand with God in Kashubian language . Since January 1, 2015, the municipality of Władysławowo has been an urban-and-rural municipality instead of an urban municipality.
In the Cetniewo district there is the "Center for Olympic Preparations", a training facility for Polish competitive athletes. Władysławowo is the venue for annual sports festivals. As the city of sport, a star-studded avenue of top athletes was established in 2000, where important athletes are honored with a brass star during the festival.
The city has the largest fishing port in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1772 | 15th | |
| 1816 | 184 | in 28 houses |
| 1864 | 412 | |
| 1871 | 438 | in 53 inhabited houses |
| 1905 | 509 | |
| 1931 | 727 |
local community
The urban-and-rural municipality of Władysławowo covers an area of 38.4 square kilometers with more than 15,000 inhabitants.
Partner communities
- Allinge-Gudhjem , Denmark
- Lamstedt , Germany, since 1992
Personalities
- Hermann Keidanski (1865–1938), chess master and chess composer
- Franz Potrykus (1887 – unknown), German politician (center) and President of the Danzig People's Day (1933).
See also
literature
- Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, e-copy .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I, Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, Complete Topography of the West Prussian Cammer Department , p. 66.
- ^ A b Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf and Heinrich Friedrich Rumpf: Vollstandoges topographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 1, Berlin 1820, p. 423, right column .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, pp. 188-189 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 .
- ↑ Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 29 lipca 2014 r. w sprawie połączenia gmin, ustalenia granic niektórych gmin i miast, nadania niektórym miejscowościom statusu miasta oraz zmiany siedziby władz gminy in the Aktów Prawnych Internetowy system .
- ^ Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and building tax assessment in the administrative district of Danzig . Berlin 1867, 7th district Neustadt , p. 10, no. 58 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, pp. 216-217, no. 58 .
- ↑ http://www.agoff.de/?p=26037