David Street
The David Street , English David street , Arabic طريق البازار tariq al basar 'bazaar way', Hebrew רחוב דויד rechov david , is a street in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Jerusalem's Old City .
Names
After David in 997 BC After conquering Jerusalem, it was named the City of David , but this did not prevail. A tower of the Hasmoneans built David Citadel was associated in tradition with the name David. Through this connection, Jaffa Gate , located next to the citadel, was originally named the Gate of David. It is entered on the crusader cards as Porta David. In Arabic it was called Bab Mihrab Da'ud (= gate of David's prayer niche). These links gave the street from Jaffa Gate to the Temple Mount the name David Street.
In Arabic, David Street became simply “The Bazaar”, “The Market” and Arabic, depending on its location طريق سويقة علوان tariq suwaqat alwan called 'way of the markets'.
geography
The 270 m long David Street runs from west to east in a cross valley, the Ephraims Thal, from Jaffa Gate towards Temple Mount . At Suq Chan ez time , it turns into Kettentorstraße . David Street forms the border between the Christian Quarter in the north and the Armenian Quarter in the south.
Mount Zion rises south of the David Street and north of it the hill Golgotha .
history
By the year 70
Jerusalem originated in the Copper Age 4500 BC. First on the mountain spur, the Ophel and the City of David , south of the Temple Mount . From there it spread to the north and west, initially to the transverse valley, the Ephraims valley, running in an east-west direction. In an effort to protect these newly acquired settlements, a city wall was built on the southern slope of this transverse valley. From the Middle Bronze Age to the 8th century BC The "old wall" was created. After returning from exile in Babylon , the Persian period in 538 BC. BC to 333 BC The destroyed "old wall" was rebuilt by Nehemiah . From the 2nd to the 1st century BC BC the Hasmoneans built the “1. Wall". Due to the growing population in frühherodianischer the "2nd time through the construction. Wall "and the" 3. Mauer ”from 41 under Herod Agrippa I, the city wall was moved northwards beyond the Quertal valley. David Strasse is located in this cross valley today.
Roman rule from 70 until the Arab conquest in 638
After the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus in the year 70, the Roman Emperor Hadrian founded the Roman colony Aelia Capitolina in this place around the year 130 . According to the urban planning scheme common to the Romans, a cardo maximus running in north-south direction and a decumanus running in east-west direction were laid out . Cardo and Decumanus crossed in the city center. At this intersection was the Roman forum , today Muristan . The course of the Cardo is reflected in today's streets, Suq Chan ez period , triple souq, Rechov Chabad. David Street and then Kettentor Street mark the course of the Decumanus.
Buildings and landmarks around David Strasse
If you enter Jerusalem's old town through the Jaffa Gate ⊙ , you come to a small square that is elongated in an east-west direction. This place is called Arabic ميدان عمر بن الخطاب maydan Omar Ibn Al-Khatab , Hebrew כיכר עומר אבן אל ח'טאב Kikar Omar Ibn Al-Khatab , German 'Omar Ibn Al-Khatab Platz' ⊙ . If you walk the circular route along the city wall of the old town, you have to leave it at the Jaffa Gate and climb the wall again on the other side of the Jaffa Gate.
On the south side of this square is the David Citadel ⊙ . There is a tourist information ⊙ on the north side of the square , which can help with accommodation and questions about visiting the Temple Mount. Next to the tourist information is the Hotel Imperial ⊙ , where Kaiser Wilhelm II stayed with his wife Empress Viktoria when they visited Jerusalem in 1898. Also on the north side of the square, where David-Straße begins, is a beautiful old building with a roof terrace, which is accessible for an entrance fee. This building houses the very affordable Petra Hostel ⊙ , which is popular with backpackers .
David Street ⊙ begins on the east side of the square .
A few meters after the start of David Street is the Ottoman Arabic on its south side مسجد سويقة علوان masjid Suwaqah Alwan 'Suwaqah Alwan Mosque' ⊙ . The narrow entrance door of the mosque is decorated with an arch. The mosque does not have a minaret . It has a decorated with colored tiles mihrab and a small library.
Between the start of the David Street at Omar Ibn Al Khatab-square and the English street Christian Quarter , Arab طريق حارة النصارى tariq harat an-nasara ' street of the Christian quarter ', Hebrew רחוב הנוצרי Rechov ha-nasri , German for 'Street the Christians', is on the north side of David Street, hidden behind the houses, the Hezekiah Basin ⊙ .
The entrance to the Wujoud Museum is on the north side of David Street, about halfway between its beginning at Omar Ibn Al-Khatab Square and the street of the Christian Quarter. The museum is located in a 650-year-old building owned by the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem . On the narrow entrance door to the museum it says: Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem and Cultural Center & Museum Arab Orthodox Society Jerusalem . From the terrace of the Wujoud Museum it is possible to take a look at the Hezekiah Basin ⊙ .
20 m east of the junction of the street of the Christian quarter branches off the Suq Aftimos, English Avtimos street , Arabic سوق أفتيموس suq aftimos , Hebrew שוק אבטימוס suq avtimos , from David Street to the north from ⊙ . After 20 m it leads to the Johanneskirche ⊙ . Opposite this junction on the south side of David Strasse is the Arabic مسجد عثمان بن عفان masdschid Othman-bin-Affan 'Othman-bin-Affan-Moschee'. ⊙ . This mosque does not have a minaret. It is only 15 m² in size and has a small library. It was named after ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān , one of the rightly guided caliphs . There has been a dispute between the Jerusalem Waqf Authority and the Lutheran Church over the use of the mosque's roof garden since 1979.
Between the street of the Christian quarter and Muristan-Straße, which branches off 90 m further east to the north, English Muristan road , Arabic طريق المارستان الصلاحي tariq al-Marstani al-Salahi , Hebrew רחוב מוריסטן rechov muristan ⊙ , the Muristan district ⊙ is located north of David Street behind the houses .
South of David Strasse behind the houses is a building complex designed by Conrad Schick and built in 1860 on ruins from the crusader era. This building houses the Lutheran Hospice, which offers private rooms and dormitories for Christian pilgrims to Jerusalem. ⊙
To the southeast of the junction of Muristan Street on the south side of David Street is an Ottoman mosque. ⊙ It is also called Othman bin Affan Mosque, which leads to confusion with the small mosque described above. Besides, it also becomes Arabic with the name جامع الشيخ غباين dschamia esch-Sheikh Ghaba'in 'Ghaba'in Mosque'. It has an elaborately decorated portal made of white and red stone, crowned with a stalactite vault .
At its eastern end, David Street joins the Suq Chan ez period . The Suq Chan ez time forms a three-aisled market hall from the time of the Crusaders, the Suq al-Aṭṭarin . ⊙
See also
literature
- Max Küchler : Jerusalem: A handbook and study travel guide to the Holy City (= Places and Landscapes of the Bible , Vol. IV, 2). 2nd, completely revised edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-525-50173-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Max Küchler: Jerusalem: A handbook and study travel guide to the Holy City , Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-50170-2 , pp. 1-4, 115, 95-99
- ^ A b Max Küchler: Jerusalem: A Handbook and Study Travel Guide to the Holy City , Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-50170-2 , pp. 490-491
- ^ David Street at OSM. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ "Jerusalem, city map", freytag & berndt, 2000, ISBN 3-7079-0789-9
- ↑ Michel Rauch: DuMont Direct Travel Guide Jerusalem. Lonely Planet, 2012, ISBN 978-3-77019632-6 , p. 87
- ↑ Mohammed Kafrawi (محمد الكفراوي): The Mosques of Jerusalem (مساجد بيت المقدس), Arab Alumni Club (نادي الخريجين العرب), Jerusalem, 1983, p. 34
- ↑ About the Museum at Wujoud Museum. Retrieved July 13, 2019.
- ↑ [1] at alqudsgateway. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
- ↑ mosque at qudsinfo. Retrieved July 15, 2019
- ↑ mosque at alqudsgateway. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
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