Christian Quarter Street
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The street of the Christian Quarter , English Christian Quarter Street , Arabic طريق حارة النصارى tariq hara al nasari 'Way-Alley of Christians', Hebrew רחוב הנוצרים Rechov hanozrim , German for 'Street of Christians' , is a street in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Old City of Jerusalem .
geography
The 210 m long street of the Christian quarter runs from south to north, west parallel to the Souq Chan ez period and its extension, the souq of perfumes and spices. It begins ⊙ 160 m east of Jaffa Gate ⊙ on David Street in the south and ends ⊙ on El-Khanqa Street in the north. In this rectangle, formed from the street of the Christian quarter in the east, El Khanqa street in the north, the Suq Chan ez-Zeit in the west and David street in the south lies the Muristan district ⊙ to the south and the Church of the Holy Sepulcher ⊙ to the north .
history
The street of the Christian Quarter was created when the Romans built the Roman city of Aelia Capitolina on the rubble of the destroyed Jerusalem in 135 with a typical Roman street plan. Together with the Cardo maximus (today: Suq Chan ez period), the Decumanus (today: David Street) and today's El-Khanqa Street, it formed a rectangle. The forum (today: Muristan quarter) and the temple of the Capitoline Triassic and Venus on the site of today's Church of the Holy Sepulcher were located in this rectangle . This arrangement has been preserved to this day. Under Constantine the Great , the Roman temple was replaced by a Church of the Resurrection around 330. This developed over several destructions and rebuilding to today's Church of the Holy Sepulcher.
Course, buildings and sights in the area
David Street begins 80 m east of the Jaffa Gate. In David Strasse, another 80 m to the east, the street of the Christian Quarter branches off to the north.
After 30 m on the eastern side of the road access to St John's Church ⊙ in the 12th century by the Crusaders was built.
20 m ⊙ and then another 60 m ⊙ further north on the east side of the street are passages to the Muristan district. The forum was located here in the Aelia Capitolina built by the Romans in 135 on the destroyed Jerusalem . Four churches (Sancta Maria Latina, Sancta Maria maior and minor and St. John) and a pilgrims' hospice were built here in the 11th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, a Greek market was built on the site, to which the remains of the old buildings fell victim. Archaeological finds can be viewed underground in the Church of the Redeemer ⊙ and in the crypt of St. John's Church.
15 m ⊙ further north, on the west side of the road, the Aqabat khan el 'Aqabat branches off to the west. It is a staircase that leads to the Coptic Bazaar and on to St. George Street.
After another 15 m (140 m north of David-Straße) ⊙ St. Helena Straße branches off. It leads directly to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, construction of which began in the 4th century. 30 m on St. Helena Street on its southern side is the al-Afdalia mosque with a minaret from the 15th century ⊙ .
From here on, the street of the Christian Quarter runs directly along the western boundary wall of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. On its west side is the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem ⊙ . In it is a museum, which keeps stone sarcophagi from the Herodian tombs , crusader capitals from the Maria Maior Church and the original of the handover document of Jerusalem by the Patriarch Sophronius to the Islamic commander in 637.
After 75 m, the street of the Greek Patriarchate branches off to the west. ⊙
After another 5 m there is a walled-up entrance door to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher ⊙ on the east side of the street .
After another 40 m, the street joins El Khanqa Street. Which is located on the southeast corner of the street mouth Al-Chanqah-as-Salahiyya Mosque ⊙ . This building housed the Greek patriarchate until the time of the Crusaders, then the Latin patriarchate . In 1189 Saladin established a Sufi convent there.
See also
literature
- Max Küchler : Jerusalem: A manual and study travel guide to the Holy City (Places and Landscapes of the Bible, Vol. IV, 2) , Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Edition: 2nd, completely revised edition. (January 22, 2014), ISBN 978-3-525-50173-3
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Street of the Christian Quarter at OSM. Retrieved April 18, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d Max Küchler: Jerusalem: A handbook and study travel guide to the Holy City , Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-50170-2 , pp. 481-485, 1116-1127
Map with all coordinates: