Dean Ornish

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Dean Ornish, 2007

Dean Ornish (born July 16, 1953 in Dallas ; Texas , United States ) is an American medic .

Life

Ornish was born in Dallas and graduated from Hillcrest High School in his hometown. He then earned a bachelor's degree in human sciences from the University of Texas at Austin and then went to Houston , where he received his PhD from Baylor College of Medicine . Further studies followed at Harvard Medical School in Boston . He worked as an assistant doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital , where he found his first permanent position. Ornish began doing research on heart disease as a student in the late 1970s . In July 1984, he began the Lifestyle Heart Study in San Francisco . It was a controlled study of the success of a low-fat diet combined with stress management in a small group of cardiac patients.

therapy

Ornish has developed a special therapy for treating heart disease that is designed to eliminate the need for surgery. Part of this is what is known as the Ornish Diet . It is predominantly vegetarian and limits the amount of fat in the diet to ten percent of the amount of calories consumed and the cholesterol intake to only five milligrams per day. The percentage of fat recommended by the American Heart Association (AHA) was up to 30% of calorie intake and 300 mg of cholesterol per day. The proportion of carbohydrates is around 75 percent, the proportion of protein around 15 percent. The only animal products allowed are very low-fat dairy products and egg whites . Sugar is allowed in small amounts, coffee and tea are prohibited. To avoid deficiencies, Ornish recommends dietary supplements such as multivitamin supplements , folic acid , selenium , linseed oil for women and fish oil for men. He later revised his attitude towards fish oil and switched to a purely plant-based diet. It is more beneficial for health to consume the omega-3 fatty acids from plant sources.

In addition to the diet, group therapy includes smoking cessation and a change in diet to extremely low-fat foods. The groups also practice yoga and meditation .

The results of a study were published in the late 1980s. They showed that heart damage from coronary arteriosclerosis had decreased in many patients. Ornish received a lot of attention for his approach to therapy. He believes that stress management, the prevention of social isolation and the reduction of psychological pressure play a major role in the success of the therapy.

Memberships

Ornish is a permanent member of the Medical School at the University of California at San Francisco, and the President and Director of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute near Sausalito . He is also a member of the advisory board of the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), an organization founded in the USA in 1985 that combats animal experiments and promotes vegan nutrition .

Award

In 2015 Ornish was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM).

Studies

Ornish published the results of a self-directed randomized study on the treatment of coronary artery disease with his therapy concept, which includes exercise, relaxation and diet, in the late 1980s . However, only 22 patients participated for a year. In 82 percent of this small group, the arterial constrictions decreased by an average of 2.2 percent. The 20 patients in the control group ate a diet according to the recommendations of the American Heart Association ; they showed an enlargement of the stenoses by an average of 3.4 percent. 20 patients from the test group and 15 from the control group took part in a four-year follow-up study. The arteriosclerosis of the Ornish group walked the results show that back by 7.9 percent, while it was in the control group to a deterioration, although 60 percent of these participants lipid-lowering agents took. The LDL cholesterol levels of the test group were 20 percent lower after five years than at the beginning; However, there was no significant difference to the comparison group here. The weight loss with the Ornish diet was about ten kilograms after one year, but only five kilograms after five years. In the comparison group, the weight of the participants hardly changed. Within five years, there were 45 so-called "cardiac events" in the control group and only 25 in the Ornish group. A positron emission tomography scan showed that the progression of coronary artery disease had stopped in almost all patients in this group to let.

Independent studies have not confirmed that the Ornish diet has a positive effect on cardiovascular risk factors in people who are not yet ill and that it leads to significant weight loss in one year. In 2005 the results of a study from Boston were published in which 160 people in four groups each practiced a different diet for one year; one of them was the Ornish diet. The influence on the cardiovascular risk factors was determined. Half of the Ornish group gave up within the trial period, and hardly anyone adhered to the strict fat restriction. After a year, the amount of fat absorbed was an average of 35 instead of ten percent. The weight loss was 6.6 percent and matched that of the other diets, including the Atkins diet . The LDL cholesterol value fell by an average of 25 mg / dl, but the HDL value did not increase. The fasted blood sugar level (empty stomach) decreased the most of all four groups by 8.2 mg / dl.

An American study from 2007, which again compared the effects of the four diets - Atkins, Ornish, Zone diet and LEARN - in four groups, the Ornish group lost an average of only 2.2 kg within one year. The influence on the determined cholesterol and insulin values ​​as well as the blood pressure were small. The study included women between the ages of 20 and 50 who did not have diabetes mellitus or heart disease.

Works

On the website, the scientific articles from the Ornish environment are usually listed with PDF sources.

  • Stress, Diet, and Your Heart , NN, 1982
  • D. Ornish, LW Scherwitz, RS Doody, D. Kesten, SM McLanahan, SE Brown et al .: Effects of stress management training and dietary changes in treating ischemic heart disease. JAMA, 249:54, 1983
  • D. Ornish, SE Brown, JH Billings, LW Scherwitz, WT Armstrong: Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? In: The Lancet . tape 336 , no. 8708 , July 1990, p. 129-133 , doi : 10.1016 / 0140-6736 (90) 91656-U ( elsevier.com [accessed June 27, 2020]).
  • Dean Ornish: Intensive Lifestyle Changes for Reversal of Coronary Heart Disease . In: JAMA . tape 280 , no. 23 , December 16, 1998, ISSN  0098-7484 , p. 2001 , doi : 10.1001 / jama.280.23.2001 ( jamanetwork.com ).
  • Dean Ornish, Gerdi Weidner, William R. Fair, Ruth Marlin, Elaine B. Pettengill: INTENSIVE LIFESTYLE CHANGES MAY AFFECT THE PROGRESSION OF PROSTATE CANCER . In: Journal of Urology . tape 174 , no. 3 , September 2005, ISSN  0022-5347 , p. 1065-1070 , doi : 10.1097 / 01.ju.0000169487.49018.73 ( jurology.com ).
  • D. Ornish, MJM Magbanua, G. Weidner, V. Weinberg, C. Kemp: Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention . In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . tape 105 , no. 24 , June 17, 2008, ISSN  0027-8424 , p. 8369-8374 , doi : 10.1073 / pnas.0803080105 , PMID 18559852 , PMC 2430265 (free full text) - ( pnas.org ).
  • Dean Ornish, Jue Lin, Jennifer Daubenmier, Gerdi Weidner, Elissa Epel: Increased telomerase activity and comprehensive lifestyle changes: a pilot study . In: The Lancet Oncology . tape 9 , no. November 11 , 2008, ISSN  1470-2045 , p. 1048-1057 , doi : 10.1016 / s1470-2045 (08) 70234-1 .
  • Revolution in heart therapy. Lüchow, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-363-03108-4
  • The revolutionary therapy: healing with love . Goldmann, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-442-16348-X
  • Heart-healthy food. Heyne, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-453-17178-0
  • Eat more, weigh less. Droemer Knaur, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-426-76124-6

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ Philip J Tuso, MD; Mohamed H Ismail, MD; Benjamin P Ha, MD; Carole Bartolotto, MA, RD. " Nutritional Update for Physicians: Plant-Based Diets ." The Permanente Journal ( Kaiser Permanente ). 2013 Spring; 17 (2): 61-66.
  2. ↑  (September 22, 2010). Caldwell Esselstyn and Dean Ornish Explain Healthy Way for Bill Clinton's Dramatic Weight Loss . CNN.
  3. ^ A b Nancy Waring: Dr. Dean Ornish's Low-Tech Coronary Heart Disease Treatment ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 on the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wellnessverband.de
  4. ↑ Dean Ornish: Revolution in Heart Therapy
  5. ↑ Ruth Kava: Good Stories, Bad Science: A Guide for Journalists to the Health Claims of Consumer Activists Groups , American Council on Science and Health (ACSH), June 2005; P. 18.
  6. ↑ 2015 Lifetime Achievement Award Recipient. The American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM), accessed February 1, 2020 .
  7. ^ Report in the Ärzte Zeitung (2005)
  8. ↑ Different forms of diet for overweight people without relevant differences in terms of weight loss ( memento of the original from October 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 65 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.evimed.ch
  9. ↑ Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN Diets for Change in Weight and Related Risk Factors Among Overweight Premenopausal Women
  10. ^ The Scientific Foundation of Ornish Lifestyle Medicine. In: Ornish Lifestyle Medicine | the research. Ornish Lifestyle Medicine, accessed June 27, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Ornish, Dean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American medic
DATE OF BIRTH July 16, 1953
PLACE OF BIRTH Dallas , Texas