The kind of diamond

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The Diamant variety seen from the opposite district of Christianshavn
View from the atrium to the " Inner Harbor " (Indrehavnen)
From the east, from the square Søren Kirkegårds Plads seen from
Atrium
Seen from the harbor

The variety Diamant ("the black diamond"), also called diamonds ("the diamond"), is a cubic extension of the Danish Royal Library on the island of Slotsholmen in the city center of Copenhagen . The name suggests the black, sloping facade made of polished granite . The seven-story building primarily contains public functions such as exhibition rooms , conference and reading rooms, a concert hall, a café and a bookstore. The “National Photo Museum”, the “Museum of Danish Caricatures” and “Denmark's Book Museum” are also located here. On a shelf length of around 160 kilometers, the house stores the largest book collection in Northern Europe - with 4.8 million volumes and 15 million manuscripts and graphic documents. The cost of the 1995 to 1999 built house amounted to 462.1 million Danish kroner .

history

Due to a lack of space in the old building, the Royal Library launched a European architecture competition in 1993 to expand the facility on the island of Slotsholmen. In addition to the physical expansion, the planners wanted to achieve with a new extension that the library would open up to its environment, in that exhibitions, concerts, knowledge transfer and other cultural experiences should also take place there. The planning phase and the first and second public tenders took place until 1995 . The architects Schmidt, Hammer & Lassen emerged as the winner among the 179 participants and adapted to the budget available. 52 construction companies took part in the construction, which was backed by the Danish Ministry of Culture as the client. After the groundbreaking in 1996 and the laying of the foundation stone on October 7, 1996, the topping-out ceremony was celebrated one year later, on September 19, 1997 . Finally, two years later, the building was inaugurated on September 7, 1999 and opened to the public on September 15. At the time, researchers and students criticized the building for promoting a “superficial foyer culture” that was at the expense of library users. On the other hand, it was criticized that too much was invested in the building instead of in the book stock.

Building material

450 rooms with 800 doors are spread over eight levels on 20,733 m². The facade consists of 2,500 m² of black granite from Zimbabwe , which reflects the sunlight into the “inner harbor” (Indrehavnen) . Each of the stones cut and polished in northern Italy weighs 75 kg. The glass facade of the roofed atrium is supported by large steel girders that were produced in Poland and weigh one ton per meter. The glass walls of the reading rooms, made in Germany , are six meters high, 2.40 meters wide and 16 mm thick. Each sheet of glass weighs 576 kg. The flooring consists partly of maple wood , among other things on the balconies and gangways, and partly of Spanish sandstone . American maple, leather , stainless steel, and sandblasted glass were mainly used for the inventory made especially for the library .

Components

In the foyer on the harbor side there is a ticket counter, a bookstore, the cloakroom as well as access to the Cafe Øieblikket (“Cafe of the moment”) and the restaurant Søren K. The actual library functions are located above the ground floor. The lending desk is located at the so-called "lending bridge " (udlånsbro) , which connects the new building with the old library building Holm , two floors above the busy Christians Brygge street . Further up in the “Black Diamond” are the reading rooms and a number of special information centers. Public facilities such as exhibition rooms ranging in size from 60 m² to 1,000 m² are distributed in the middle of the building around the atrium. The 29 meter high atrium extends from the floor to the glass roof of the building and offers a direct view of the “inner harbor” (Indrehavnen) . The offices and administrations are on the sides of the building. The library management is located on the top floor.

Reading rooms and information centers

After the expansion with the Black Diamond, the publicly accessible areas of the library experienced a considerable increase in their capacities. Instead of one there are now six reading rooms and instead of 100 now 486 reading places. When it opened in September 1999, the collections expanded from 45,000 to 191,000 volumes. In total, there is space for 221,000 volumes, reference works, magazines and microfilms on 9500 meters of shelves in the reading rooms and associated information centers.

  • The number of reading places in the information room rose from 46 to 60.
  • The reading room east (Læsesal Øst) for newspapers and magazines offers 131 reading places. A collection of reference works and dissertations comprises 10,500 volumes. There are magazine microfilms on 80,000 reels and 4,000 magazines from the last three years have been preserved, including 3,200 foreign and 800 Danish, of which around 750 titles come from the Danish article index.
  • The Reading Room West (Læsesal Vest) , a reading room for research, offers 163 reading places and can now store 65,000 volumes instead of 25,000.
  • The Reading Room North (Læsesal North) is also the "Center for International Studies" (Center for International Studier) and has 96 reading places. It contains manuals, statistics, contracts and judgments, including from international organizations, as well as around 350 journals from organizations.
  • The “Center for Manuscripts and Book History” (Center for Manuskripter og Boghistorie) offers 24 reading places.
  • The “Center for Maps and Pictures” (Center for Kort og Billeder) offers 26 reading places.
  • The “Center for Music and Theater” (Center for Music and Theater ) offers 17 reading places.
  • The " Center for Orientalia og Judaica " (Center for Orientalia og Judaica) offers 17 reading places.

Dronningesalen

The “Königinnensaal” (Dronningesalen) , in which musical events and lectures take place, offers a repertoire of classical music. In the hall, music based on the library's own sheet music collection is presented on the one hand, and concerts with changing ensembles take place there on the other. The hall has a volume of 5600 cubic meters, is about 20 m wide, 30 m long and 10 m high. A stage area of ​​150 m² is available with 384 seats, 88 m² with 480 seats and 35 m² with 600 seats. The cost was 35 million crowns. The reverberation time in the hall varies between 1.1 and 1.9 seconds with the adjustable sound panels on the walls.

Montana hall and portico

The "Montanasaal" (Montanasalen) on floor B is 200 m², the "pillared hall" (Søjlehallen) on floor K is 300 m². Changing cultural-historical and current thematic exhibitions are shown in the halls - often based on the library's own collections. Some of these exhibitions later travel all over Denmark.

National Photo Museum

The National Photo Museum is spread over an area of ​​520 m². It houses around 50,000 photographic works of art from the period from 1839 to the present day. The museum thus offers a broad selection of both Danish and international photographic history. In the exhibition rooms on the K-floor, changing cultural-historical themed exhibitions are shown based on the library's own collections. Some of these exhibitions are shown all over Denmark.

Danish Caricature Museum

The “Museum for Danish Caricatures” (Museet for Dansk Bladtegning) is also an integral part of the library. It exhibits new acquisitions and journalistic drawings from the collections of the “Center for Maps and Images” in the same building. The museum was inaugurated by Queen Margaret II on October 7, 2000 .

Denmark's book museum

The Danmarks Bogmuseum (“Denmark's Book Museum”) houses both Danish and foreign books of historical and museum importance that come from the holdings of the Royal Library. The oldest part of the collection dates back to the middle of the 17th century, when the founder of the library, Friedrich III. acquired a number of private libraries.

Fisks

Cultivation fisks seen from the north

On the north side, a two-story side wing leans against the cube, which is called Fisken ("The Fish") because of its elongated shape . The gray building was inaugurated in 1997, two years before the “Black Diamond”, and houses the “Center for Women's Research” ( Center for Kvindeforskning , Kvinfo for short ), the “Danish Folklore Collection” (Dansk Folkemindessamling) and the “Danish Language - and Literature Society “ (Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab) .

literature

  • Claus Hagen Petersen: Det Kongelige Bibliotek - The variety diamond . In: Politikens Bog om København . 1st edition. Politics Forlag A / S, Copenhagen 2000, ISBN 87-567-6784-6 , p. 86 ff . (Danish).

Web links

Commons : Den Sort Diamant  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

The congregational library

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Søren Olsen: Det Kongelige Bibliotek . In: Oplev København . 1st edition. Forlaget Hovedland, Højbjerg 2005, ISBN 87-7739-765-7 , p. 14 (Danish).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Det Kongelige Bibliotek : Den Sorte Diamant , accessed on October 13, 2010 (Danish)
  3. ↑ Claus Hagen Petersen: Det Kongelige Bibliotek - The variety diamond . In: Politikens Bog om København . 1st edition. Politics Forlag A / S, Copenhagen 2000, ISBN 87-567-6784-6 , p. 87 (Danish).
  4. ↑ Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Om Det Nationale Fotomuseum ( Memento of the original from January 31, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on October 13, 2010 (Danish) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kb.dk
  5. ↑ Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Museet for Dansk Bladtegning , accessed on October 13, 2010 (Danish)
  6. ↑ Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Danmarks Bogmuseums samlinger  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on October 13, 2010 (Danish)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.kb.dk  

Coordinates: 55 ° 40 ′ 24.1 ″  N , 12 ° 34 ′ 57.7 ″  E