Metallpatronen AG
The metal cartridge AG was a German company of the defense industry in Karlsruhe and u. a. a direct forerunner of today's Kuka AG . From 1883, permission to manufacture live ammunition was granted . After 1889 the Prussian army was supplied. In 1914 there was a supply contract with the German Reich in the event of war .
history
In 1872 the cartridge case factory Henri Ehrmann & Cie. founded in Karlsruhe. In 1878 the name was changed to Deutsche Metallpatronenfabrik Lorenz . In 1889, through the sale of its previous owner Wilhelm Lorenz to the company Ludwig Loewe & Co. and the merger with the powder factory Rottweil-Hamburg and the United Rheinisch-Westfälische powder factories , the stock corporation Deutsche Metallpatronenfabrik ( Metallpatronen AG ) was created.
In 1884 Lorenz developed the so-called composite bullet.
German arms and ammunition factories
In 1896 the companies Ludwig Loewe & Co. (Berlin), Mauser (Oberndorf) and Metallpatronen AG (Karlsruhe) were merged to form Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken AG (DWM) , based in Berlin.
The armaments program under Kaiser Wilhelm II led to an expansion of production. In 1898, for example, serial production of the Mauser 98 multi-loading rifle and ammunition began.
Georg Luger developed the error-prone Borchardt C93 pistol, originally manufactured by Ludwig Loewe & Co. , and improved it to such an extent that the further development was ready for series production and was introduced by various nations as an orderly weapon under the name of the parabellum pistol . The brand name Parabellum was later used for other handguns .
Berlin-Karlsruhe industrial works
In order to nominally meet the requirements set out in the Versailles Peace Treaty , the company was changed to Berlin-Karlsruher Industrie-Werke AG (BERKA) in 1922 .
Olympic typewriters
The Berlin-Karlsruher industry-Werke AG presented in a former gun factory in Erfurt typewriters ago. This traded together with AEG typewriter production under the name AEG-Deutsche Werke AG . The management company of Deutsche Werke AG , the United Industry Enterprises AG ( VIAG ) , took over this typewriter production, which was sold under the brand name Olympia , as Typewriter AG .
Assault rifle
In the spring of 1918, Captain Piderit from the Prussian Rifle Examination Commission (GPK) in Spandau prepared an expert report for the Supreme Army Command describing the advantages of a short rifle. The first attempts at this assault rifle were outsourced to the Solothurn weapons factory . In 1927 the series of tests was continued by the Berlin-Karlsruher Industrie-Werke AG .
Günther Quandt
In 1928 Günther Quandt took control of Berlin-Karlsruher Industrie-Werke AG and wrote in 1939 on the 50th anniversary of the stock corporation in a commemorative letter: “We are grateful and proud that the entire following (...) put all their energy into it ( ...) to restore the company's tradition. The fact that these efforts led to success (...), however, we owe solely to the initiative of our Fuehrer, who with indomitable will carried out the rehabilitation and reclamation of the German people. "(Quoted from Wolf Perdelwitz: Waffenschmiede Deutschland. The bomb business . Gruner + Jahr, Hamburg 1985, p. 185.) And further in the foreword to an anniversary publication: “As it was, it was possible, at the moment of the seizure of power, to provide the Führer with a plant in which the manufacture of military equipment could immediately be resumed on a larger scale. “() Johannes Gottlob Paul Voigt was also a member of the board from 1929 to 1945 .
Again German arms and ammunition factories
With the open breach of the Versailles Treaty in 1936, the name became more descriptive again: Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken AG (DWM) .
Bulk packing machines
From 1935 to 1944 ammunition of caliber 37 mm, hand grenades , cartridge cases, smoke candles and bomb detonators were manufactured on an area of 40 hectares in Lübeck-Schlutup with the subsidiary Maschinen für Massenverpackung GmbH (MfM) . In the northern part of the area, the MfM produced artillery cases with a caliber of 3.7 to 21 cm. The buildings covered an area of 190,000 m².
Most of the forced laborers and other prisoners were housed in the following camps:
- Gym at the milestone in Schlutup
- Katz + Klumpp
- Bau-Brüggen on the Trave in Lübeck
- At the Breitling on Mecklenburger Strasse
- Gothmundlager on Travemünder Landstrasse
- Warehouse at the traffic jam
- Eichholz warehouse 1 Brandenbaumer Landstrasse 260–265
- Eichholz warehouse 2 Brandenbaumer Landstrasse Bohlkamp
- Waldblick warehouse, Wesloer Straße 52 / MfM
Industrial works Karlsruhe-Augsburg
After the Second World War in 1949, the company was changed to Industrie-Werke Karlsruhe AG (IWK) under CEO Harald Quandt . From 1970 Augsburg appeared in the name, which thus became IWKA.
The acronym KUKA emerged from the first letters of the acquired company Keller and Knappich, Augsburg , and was decided by the general meeting in May 2007 as a new company from the previous IWKA.
The main plant in Karlsruhe was located between Brauerstrasse, Südendstrasse, Lorenzstrasse and Gartenstrasse, which was called Günther-Quandt-Strasse from 1939 to 1945. In the former factory halls, a building by the architect Philipp Jakob Manz , the Center for Art and Media Technology (ZKM), the Municipal Gallery , the State University of Design and the Museum of New Art have been located since 1997 .
German wagon and machine factories
In the 1950s, the Berlin part of the company was renamed Deutsche Waggon- und Maschinenfabriken GmbH , but continued to use the original DWM logo. The new company pointed out that after the Second World War, the company relocated production towards the reconstruction and construction of new buses and rail vehicles . The company later became part of Waggon Union .
literature
- Rüdiger Jungbluth: The Quandts. Your quiet rise to the most powerful economic dynasty in Germany. Campus-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2002, ISBN 978-3-593-36940-2 .
Web links
- German arms and ammunition factories, DWM . Berlin Center for Industrial Culture (Ed.): Folded folder for industrial culture in Berlin (PDF).
- From the ammunition factory to the culture factory Center for Art and Media, ZKM Karlsruhe.
Individual evidence
- ^ Jürgen Bönig The introduction of assembly line work in Germany until 1933. On the history of a social innovation. Münster 1993. ( limited preview on Google Books )
- ↑ History and development of weapons and ammunition archive link ( Memento from October 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Rüdiger Jungbluth: The Quandts. Pages 85 ff. ( Limited preview in Google Book Search, accessed April 10, 2019)
- ^ Rüdiger Jungbluth: The Quandts. Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2002, p. 134 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ Documentation on DWM and MfM in Lübeck-Schultup
- ↑ A well-known forced laborer is the architect Stefanie Zwirn
- ↑ SSC Magnum Wuppertal Munition, History of Structure Types [1] ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ Report on the Annual General Meeting [2] ( page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ^ ZKM: Foundation