Diademed Lorikeet

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Diademed Lorikeet
Charmosyna diadema.jpg

Diademed Lorikeet ( Charmosyna diadema )

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Parrots (Psittaciformes)
Family : True parrots (Psittacidae)
Subfamily : Loris (Loriinae)
Genre : Zierloris ( Charmosyna )
Type : Diademed Lorikeet
Scientific name
Charmosyna diadema
( Verreaux & Des Murs , 1860)

The New Caledonian Lorikeet ( Charmosyna diadema ), also known as red-and-blue lory , diadem Prachtzierlori or Caledonia Zierlori referred to is an extremely rare or already extinct species of parrot of the genus charmosyna ( Charmosyna ). It is or was endemic to New Caledonia .

features

The Diademzierlori was described in 1860 on the basis of two females, only one of which has survived in a museum in Paris today. The length is 18 to 19 centimeters, of which 7 to 8 centimeters are accounted for by the slender and pointed tail. The wing length is 91 millimeters and the barrel is 16 millimeters long. The plumage is green overall. The center of the head and the thighs are dark sky blue. The cheeks and throat are yellowish. There is a red spot on the rump. The tail is greenish on top and yellowish olive on the underside. The four outermost tail feathers partially show red markings on the inside flags followed by a black band and greenish-yellow tips on the underside. The beak is orange-red.

The appearance of the males and the youthful dress is unknown.

Habitat and way of life

The few observations came from low scrubland and from ecotones between myrtle heather savannah and wet forests. Almost nothing is known about the way of life of the Diademed Lorikeet. Occasionally he looked for food in coral trees .

status

The exact location of the two type specimens is unknown. They were shot in 1859. One copy has disappeared, the other is in the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. In 1882 the naturalists Edgar Leopold Layard and E. Leopold C. Layard reported that these lories were supposedly sighted until 1880. In 1913 a specimen was shot in a wooded area on Mont Ignambi near Oubache, but it was not preserved. Unconfirmed reports exist from the 1920s, 1950s and 1970s. In the 1920s, an elderly local resident claims to have spotted these parrots on Lake Yaté . In 1976 a forester claimed he had observed a specimen in 1953 or 1954 on the La Foa-Canala road in the southern province and another in June 1976 in the region west of Mont Panié in the northern province. In 1998 a six-month expedition was carried out on Mt. Ignambi, but it remained unsuccessful.

The German ornithologist Heinrich Bregulla suspects that the species could still occur in the regions of Mont Panié, Mont Humboldt and the Massif du Kouakoué , as undisturbed forests are still present between the inter-coastal roads around the provincial border.

The reasons for the disappearance of the Diademed Lorikeet have not yet been adequately researched. The montane wet forests are not endangered. However, this species places demands on other habitats, some of which, particularly semi-evergreen lowland forests, have all but disappeared from New Caledonia. In addition, the serious decline in the populations of other ornamental lory species suggests that introduced epidemics such as bird malaria or the stalking by predators such as rats are partly responsible for the decline in the lories.

Although the last reliable record is from 1913, BirdLife International classifies the diademed lory with an estimated population of less than 50 specimens in the critically endangered category.

literature

  • Thomas Arndt : Lexicon of Parrots . Arndt Verlag, Bretten 2001, ISBN 3-9808245-3-5 (1 CD-ROM).
  • Jacques Berlioz : Les Psittacides de la Nouvelle Calédonie et des Etablissements Français d'Oceanie . In: L'Oiseau et la Revue Française d'Ornithologie / NS , Vol. 15 (1945), pp. 1–9, ISSN  0030-1531 [French]
  • BirdLife International: New Caledonian Lorikeet . In: Threatened Birds of the World . BirdLife International, Cambridge 2000, ISBN 0-946888-39-6 , p. 240.
  • Heinrich Bregulla : The parrots New Caledonia . In: Gefiederte Welt , Vol. 117 (1993), pp. 310-313, pp. 349-51, pp. 381-384, pp. 412-416, ISSN  0016-5816 .
  • Joseph Michael Forshaw (text), William Thomas Cooper (illustrations): New Caledonian Lorikeet . In: Parrots of the World . 3rd ed. Blanford, London 1989, ISBN 0-7137-2134-0 , pp. 105-106.
  • James Cowan Greenway : New Caledonian Lorikeet . In: Extinct and Vanishing Birds of the World (Dover Books, 1869). 2nd Ed. Dover Press, New York 1967, pp. 313-314. QL676.7.G7
  • Warren B. King: Endangered Birds of the World (The ICPB Bird Red Data Book; Vol. 2). 2nd ed. Smithsonian Institute Press & International Council for Bird Preservation, Washington DC 1981, ISBN 0-87474-584-5 .
  • Edgar Leopold Layard , E. Leefgod Layard: Avifauna of New Caledonia . In: Ibis , (1882), pp. 493-546.
  • Dieter Luther: Diademzierlori . In: Ders .: The extinct birds of the world (Die neue Brehm-Bücherei; Vol. 424). 4th edition Westarp-Wissenschaften, Magdeburg 1996, ISBN 3-89432-213-6 , p. 104.
  • Theo Pagel : Diadem Ornamental Lori . In: Loris. Free life, keeping and breeding of the brush-tongue loris (exotic ornamental birds). 2nd edition Ulmer, Stuttgart 1985, p. 102.
  • Fritz Sarasin , Jean Roux: Nova Caledonia. Research in New Caledonia and on the Loyalty Islands / A: Zoologie , Vol. 1 (1913).
  • Tony M. Stokes: Notes on landbirds of New Caledonia . In: Emu. A quarterly magazine to popularize the study and protection of native birds , Vol. 80 (1980), pp. 199-200, ISSN  0158-4197 , doi : 10.1071 / MU9800081

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berlioz, Jacques (1945): Les Psittacides de la Nouvelle Calédonie et des Etablissements Français d'Oceanie. L'Oiseau et la Revue Française d'Ornithologie 15 : 1-9. [French]
  2. ↑ Verreaux, Jules & Des Murs, Marc Athanese Parfait Oeillet (1860): [First description of Charmosyna diadema ]. Revue et magazin de Zoologie 2 (12): 360 [French]
  3. ↑ a b Arndt, Thomas (2001): Lexicon of Parrots . Arndt publishing house
  4. ^ Luther, Dieter (1996): Diademzierlori. In: The extinct birds of the world, 4th edition (Die neue Brehm-Bücherei 424 ) : 104. Westarp-Wissenschaften, Magdeburg; Spectrum, Heidelberg. ISBN 3-89432-213-6
  5. ^ Layard, Edgar Leopold & Layard, ELC (1882): Notes on the avifauna of New Caledonia. A catalog of the birds of the island to EL & ELC Layard . With remarks by the Rev. Canon Tristram. Ibis 4 (6). Pp. 493-546.
  6. ^ Sarasin, Fritz & Roux, Jean (1913): Nova Caledonia. Research in New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands. Recherches scientifiques en Nouvelle-Calédonie et aux iles Loyalty. A. Zoology 1 . Kreidels, Wiesbaden Online Version (Description as Glossopsittacus diadematus )
  7. ^ A b Forshaw, Joseph M. & Cooper, William T .: (1989): New Caledonian Lorikeet. In: Parrots of the World, 3rd edition : 105-6. Weldon, Willoughby, NSW.
  8. ^ A b Stokes, T. (1980): Notes on landbirds of New Caledonia. Emu 80 : 199-200.
  9. ^ Bregulla, H. (1993): The Parrots New Caledonia. Feathered World 117 : p. 310-313; Pp. 349-351; Pp. 381-384; p. 412-416.

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