The elves
The Wichtelmänner is the title of three fairy tales ( ATU 476 **). In the Brothers Grimm 's children's and house tales, they stand together at position 39 (KHM 39). In the 1st edition the title was Von den Wichtelmännern .
content
A poor, righteous cobbler leaves his last leather cut on the table in the evening. The next morning he finds an immaculate pair of shoes. The buyer also pays more than usual for it. So he can already buy leather for two pairs, and that goes on until he is wealthy. He stays up one night with his wife and sees two small, naked men doing their shoes. At the suggestion of his wife, the next time they put clothes and shoes for the elves . They put them on and sing, “Aren't we boys smooth and fine? What should we be shoemakers any longer? ” Then they dance out and don't come back. The shoemaker is fine for life.
A poor, hardworking maid finds a written invitation from elves to be godmothers. At the persuasion of his rule, three pixies head into a hollow mountain where everything is small and magnificent. At her request, she remains in joy for three days and goes with her pockets full of gold. At home the rulership has already died because it was seven years.
A mother's newborn child was exchanged by elves for a changeling with a thick head and staring eyes that only eats and drinks. On the advice of the neighbor, she puts him on the stove and boils water in two eggshells to make him laugh. Then he says: "Now I am as old / as the Westerwald / and haven't seen anyone cooking in bowls." And laughs, whereupon the elves bring back the right child.
Grimm's note
Grimm's Children's and Household Tales contain the texts from the 1st edition from 1812, according to the note All three from Hesse (from Dortchen Wild , the second modified in 1837). For the third fairy tale and especially the verse, compare references: Holsteinisch bei Müllenhoff, p. 313 ik bün so olt / as Bernholt (firewood) / in den Wolt. ; Lithuanian in Schleicher pp. 104–105; in Dähnert's Low German dictionary and in Schütze Holstein's old as de Bremer Wold ; Transylvanian-Saxon in Haltrich p. 72 as old as the Rotel River ; Hungarian for Meinhold as old as the Hungarian forest ; at Colshorn S. 244; a song from Brittany in Barzaz Breiz 1.50 ; in a Danish forecast at Thiele 1, 49 nu har JEG feet tre gear ung Stov paa Tiis COP ; from Vonbun's Vorarlberg folk tales p. 4 I'm nice now so many years old / the fir tree has needles in the forest.
From Grimm's Irish fairy tale they compare No. 6 The Brewery of Egg Shells (see also No. 5 , 7 , 8 ) and many of their German sagas (e.g. No. 82 , 83 ). They find that the helpful little ones often disappear when they get clothes ( Mone Anzeiger 1837, p. 175 ; Vonbun p. 3. 4. ). Grimm's estate also contains a text in which luck is driven away with the meerkats, and a similar changeling story with the saying on Thuringian Forest .
For the second fairy tale cf. KHM 182 The Presents of the Little People , KHM 202 The Twelve Apostles , also Die goldene Schäferei in Ludwig Bechstein's New German Book of Fairy Tales . See also Heinzelmännchen , dwarf (mythology) .
interpretation
Angela Waiblinger uses the second fairy tale for her interpretation of Rumpelstiltskin as an example of the function of the dwarfs: They give the girl who wants to serve and goes into the mountain as her motherly soul until she is grown up and rules by itself. The Grimm biographer Steffen Martus notes how in Grimm there are again and again stories of people who have fallen out of time, for example KHM 202 or in Deutsche Sagen No. 152 Die Heilingszwerge . In his autobiography in 1831, Wilhelm Grimm feels like a secluded ghost when visiting his childhood places . And Jacob Grimm wrote z. B. 1809, the hidden treasure of tradition can only be salvaged by someone who is distinguished by innocent simplicity , strict loyalty and mild friendliness . Martus: The servant maid is rewarded with respect and wealth in the world of the elf for accompanying the small and the separated on their way into life. But she pays for it with isolation in the human world and with the experience of how merciless time goes by.
The shoemaker's story appears in the film Die Wunderwelt by the Brothers Grimm (USA, 1962).
literature
- Grimm, brothers. Children's and Household Tales. Complete edition. With 184 illustrations by contemporary artists and an afterword by Heinz Rölleke . Pp. 236-239. Düsseldorf and Zurich, 19th edition 1999. (Artemis & Winkler Verlag; Patmos Verlag; ISBN 3-538-06943-3 )
- Grimm, brothers. Children's and Household Tales. Last hand edition with the original notes by the Brothers Grimm. With an appendix of all fairy tales and certificates of origin, not published in all editions, published by Heinz Rölleke. Volume 3: Original Notes, Guarantees of Origin, Afterword. Pp. 79–80, 459. Revised and bibliographically supplemented edition, Stuttgart 1994. (Reclam-Verlag; ISBN 3-15-003193-1 )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rölleke, Heinz (ed.): Fairy tales from the estate of the Brothers Grimm. 5th improved and supplemented edition. Trier 2001. P. 90, 116. (WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier; ISBN 3-88476-471-3 )
- ↑ Rölleke, Heinz (ed.): Fairy tales from the estate of the Brothers Grimm. 5th improved and supplemented edition. Trier 2001. P. 99, 118. (WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier; ISBN 3-88476-471-3 )
- ↑ Angela Waiblinger: Rumpelstiltskin. Gold instead of love. 6th edition, Zurich 1991, pp. 79-81. (Kreuz Verlag; ISBN 3-268-00010-X )
- ↑ Steffen Martus: The Brothers Grimm. A biography. Rowohlt, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-87134-568-5 , p. 205.
- ↑ Steffen Martus: The Brothers Grimm. A biography. Rowohlt, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-87134-568-5 , p. 206.