Diego de Enzinas

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Diego de Enzinas , also: Jacobus Dryander , (* approx. 1520 in Burgos ; † March 15, 1547 in Rome ) was a scholar of Spanish origin. He was active as a Protestant in the Netherlands and Rome and was executed by the Inquisition .

Live and act

An Index Librorum Prohibitorum : Directory of the books considered heretical by the Council (Venice, 1564)

Diego de Enzinas came from a successful merchant family in Burgos in northern Spain, the better-known Francisco de Enzinas was his brother. He was sent to the Netherlands to train as a businessman; on October 28, 1538 he enrolled at the Collegium Trilingue of the University of Leuven . He also studied in Paris.

In March 1542 he oversaw the printing of a small book in Antwerp with the title: Breve y compendiosa institución de la Religón cristiana . The book contained two texts: a catechism of John Calvin from 1538, which his brother Francisco had translated from Latin into Spanish, and the translation of Martin Luther's De libertate christiana . The edition was introduced by a foreword attributed to Diego de Enzinas, which wanted to bring the Protestant idea of grace through faith to the Alumbrados and Christian humanists in Spain.

Diego de Enzinas intended to smuggle the prints from the Netherlands to Spain, but the Spanish Inquisition found out. On the advice of his family, he decided to go to Rome, where Protestants were not persecuted. However, in 1542 by Pope Paul III. the foundation of the Roman Inquisition, the Sacra Congregatio Romanae et universalis Inquisitionis (also: Congregatio Sancti Officii ) introduced in the Bull Licet ab initio of July 4th, and a college of cardinals received the special rights of inquisitors general . Diego de Enzinas, who had joined Protestant circles in Rome, fell victim to the persecution that was now beginning after a letter he had written to Martin Luther had been intercepted. Under the torture, he gave the names of the members of his circle and was sentenced to death. On March 15, 1547 he was burned at the stake.

His brother Francisco received news of Diego's execution in Switzerland, where he had withdrawn after he had also been targeted by the Spanish inquisition authorities due to the printing of his Nuevo Testamento in Antwerp in 1543.

Editions

literature

  • Marcel Battalion: Diego de Enzinas en Amberes . In: ders .: Érasme et Espagne . (1937). Third annotated edition, Geneva 1991. Vol. 3, pp. 249-275
  • Friedrich Wilhelm BautzENZINAS, Jaime de. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 1518.
  • Francisco de Enzinas: Epistolario . Edición crítica por Ignacio J. García Pinilla. Texto latino, traducción española y notas. Geneva: Droz 1995; P. 83: Letter from Francisco de Enzinas to Juan Díaz about the Breve y compendiosa institución .
  • Martin Luther: Works. Critical complete edition. Correspondence . Volume 11, Graz 1966; No. 4180: Letter from Diego de Enzinas to Martin Luther.

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