Dihydrogen trioxide
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| Surname | Dihydrogen trioxide | ||||||||||||
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| Molecular formula | H 2 O 3 | ||||||||||||
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| Molar mass | 50 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||
| Physical state |
not stable at room temperature |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||
In addition to water (H 2 O) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), dihydrogen trioxide (H 2 O 3 ) is another oxygen compound of hydrogen .
It can be manufactured using the anthraquinone process , but ozone is used instead of normal oxygen . It is an unstable substance and decays above −40 ° C. In nature it can occur as an intermediate product of reactions.
Reactions
Hydrogen trioxide spontaneously breaks down into water molecules H 2 O and molecular oxygen O 2 . In organic solutions, the half-life is 16 minutes, but only a few milliseconds in the presence of water, since the polar influence bends the chain of oxygen atoms in the trans position and the proton can easily switch to the other end.
Studies show that hydrogen trioxide has the well-known antibacterial effect of the mixture of ozone and hydrogen peroxide. It is also assumed that this is used by immune cells in biological systems, whereby the antibodies generate the molecular oxygen, with which (if the concentration is appropriate) hydrogen trioxide is partially produced in the alternating reaction. The hydrogen trioxide then acts as a highly effective oxidizing agent.
In 2005 dihydrogen trioxide could be observed molecularly by means of spectroscopy. It was shown that the chain is in a transconfiguration with an oxygen-oxygen bond length of 142.8 picometers (comparison 146.4 picometers hydrogen peroxide). Theoretical chemistry calculations also predict longer oxide chains, a class of hydrogen polyoxides that can only exist at very low temperatures, for example in space.
literature
- A. Engdahl and B. Nelander: The vibrational spectrum of H 2 O 3 . In: Science . Volume 295, No. 5554, Jan. 18, 2002, pp. 482-483, PMID 11799239 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ↑ Paul T. Nyffeler, Nicholas A. Boyle, Laxman Eltepu, Chi-Huey Wong , Albert Eschenmoser , Richard A. Lerner , Paul Wentworth Jr .: Dihydrogen Trioxide (HOOOH) is Generated during the Thermal Reaction between Hydrogen Peroxide and Ozone . In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition . Volume 43, 2004, No. 35, pp. 4656-4659, doi: 10.1002 / anie.200460457 .
- ↑ Božo Plesničar: Progress in the Chemistry of Dihydrogen Trioxide (PDF; 698 kB). In: Acta Chim. Slov . Volume 52, 2005, pp. 1-12.
- ↑ Kohsuke Suma, Yoshihiro Sumiyoshi and Yasuki Endo: The Rotational Spectrum and Structure of HOOOH . In: Journal of the American Chemical Society . Volume 127, 2005, No. 43, pp. 14998-14999; (Communication) doi: 10.1021 / ja0556530 .