Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
| Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 474 amino acids | |
| Secondary to quaternary structure | Homodimer | |
| Cofactor | FAD | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name | DLD | |
| External IDs | ||
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 1.8.1.4 , oxidoreductase | |
| Response type | Dehydration | |
| Substrate | Protein N (6) - (dihydrolipoyl) lysine + NAD + | |
| Products | Protein N (6) - (lipoyl) lysine + NADH / H + | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Creature | |
The dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (dldH, E3, Protein L) is the enzyme in all living things that the dehydrogenation of dihydrolipoamide catalyzed . As subunit E3 of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, it is essential for maintaining glycolysis and the citric acid cycle . As subunit E3 of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKD) it is necessary for the breakdown of the amino acids valine , leucine and isoleucine . DLDH is also part of the glycine-cleaving system , an enzyme complex in a glycine breakdown pathway . Mutations in DLD - gene can and dldH lack this for maple syrup urine disease type III and Leigh syndrome lead.
DLDH and dihydroliponamide together are able to denitrosate S- nitroso groups on proteins, a task normally performed by thioredoxin . DLDH can also reduce nitro groups on DNA and proteins to amines and is thus part of the metabolism of reactive nitrogen species .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Homologues at eggNOG
- ↑ UniProt P09622
- ↑ Sengupta R, Billiar TR, Atkins JL, Kagan VE, Stoyanovsky DA: Nitric oxide and dihydrolipoic acid modulate the activity of caspase 3 in HepG2 cells . In: FEBS Lett . . 583, No. 21, November 2009, pp. 3525-30. doi : 10.1016 / j.febslet.2009.10.016 . PMID 19822150 .
- ↑ Chen HJ, Chen YM, Chang CM: Lipoyl dehydrogenase catalyzes reduction of nitrated DNA and protein adducts using dihydrolipoic acid or ubiquinol as the cofactor . In: Chem. Biol. Interact. . 140, No. 3, August 2002, pp. 199-213. PMID 12204577 .
