Dillenia

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Dillenia
Fruits of Dillenia suffruticosa

Fruits of Dillenia suffruticosa

Systematics
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Family : Rose apple family (Dilleniaceae)
Genre : Dillenia
Scientific name
Dillenia
L.

Dillenia or German rose apple trees is a genus of trees and shrubs in the rose apple family(Dilleniaceae). Most species are found in tropical areas of Asia.

description

The species from the genus Dillenia usually form trees, rarely shrubs, they are evergreen or rarely deciduous. The bark is red, gray or brown. The leaves are simple, alternate, up to 50 centimeters long, sometimes with permanent or falling wings that encircle the stems. They are elliptical, oblong or oblong lanceolate with a clearly protruding vein and a serrated leaf margin. The flowers are large and are single or multiple or many in clusters . Usually five, rarely four to 18 fleshy, often continuous sepals are formed. Usually there are five, rarely four to seven petals , but they can also be missing. The stamens are numerous, the inner ones often have longer anthers than the outer ones. The anthers open in two terminal pores or, less often, in two narrow, elongated, straight slits. The four to 20 carpels have partially grown together to form a conical flower base . One to many ovules are formed per carpel . The fruits are enveloped by the enlarged sepals. Usually one or a few hard, brown to black seeds are formed per carpel, which can have a seed coat .

distribution

Species of the genus Dillenia are found from Madagascar to the Fiji Islands, on the Mascarene Islands , in South and Southeast Asia, in Indonesia and in Queensland . Most of the species are found in the tropical areas of Asia.

Systematics

Dillenia is a genus in the rose apple family (Dilleniaceae). It was first described by Carl von Linné in 1753 in the Species Plantarum . He chose the generic name Dillenia after the German doctor and botanist Johann Jacob Dillen , whom he met in 1737.

About 58 to 65 species are assigned to the genus.

Dillenia alata
Dillenia excelsa
Indian rose apple ( Dillenia indica )
Leaves and blossom of the Indian rose apple ( Dillenia indica )
Inflorescence of Dillenia pentagyna
Leaves and flowers of Dillenia philippinensis
Dillenia suffruticosa

use

Some species, including the Indian rose apple , are cultivated as ornamental trees because of their large, decorative, often white flowers, and the Indian rose apple is also cultivated for its edible fruits.

proof

literature

  • Zhixiang Zhang, Klaus Kubitzki: Dillenia . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 12: Hippocastanaceae through Theaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2007, ISBN 978-1-930723-64-1 , pp. 332 (English).
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names . 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , pp. 209 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Exactly: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 2005, p. 209
  2. ↑ a b c d Zhang, Kubitzki: Dillenia. In: Flora of China. Vol. 12, p. 332.
  3. ↑ a b c Dillenia. In: Flora of Pakistan. www.eFloras.org, accessed January 8, 2012 (English).
  4. ^ Search list for Dillenia . In: The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed January 8, 2012 .
  5. ↑ Andreas Bärtels: Color Atlas of Tropical Plants . E. Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1989. ISBN 3-8001-3448-9 , p. 92

Web links

Commons : Dillenia  - collection of images, videos and audio files