Leafy bubble moss
| Leafy bubble moss | ||||||||||||
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Leafy bladder moss ( Diphyscium foliosum ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Diphyscium foliosum | ||||||||||||
| ( Hedw. ) D. Mohr |
The leafy bubble Moss ( diphyscium foliosum ), also bubble moss or bellows Moss called, is a moss - kind from the family Diphysciaceae .
features
The most striking feature are the oversized sporophytes compared to the rather small moss plants. These are common and mature in summer. When pressure is exerted on the mature capsules, for example by raindrops, the spores are expelled a few meters as if by a bellows.
The brown-green to dark-green plants with low, barely differentiated stems grow in dense herds or lawns. The stem leaves are up to 2 millimeters long and have two to three cells, stand upright or slightly bent back and are narrow, tongue-shaped to spatulate. The edges are flat, the rib ends before the tip of the leaf. The upper lamina cells are rounded and nipple to papillae, the lower ones elongated, smooth and hyaline. Perichätialblätter are significantly larger, lanceolate, pointed and have a long hair protruding rib and thus protruding over the spore capsule. The spore capsule on the short seta is pale yellow to greenish yellow, bulbous and 3 to 4 millimeters long. Spores are 8 to 12 micrometers in size, greenish-yellow and finely papilous. The species is diocesan .
Possibility of confusion
Fruiting plants are practically distinctive because of the conspicuous large sporophytes. Sterile plants can be confused with mosses from the Pottiaceae family or with Encalypta species. The most important distinguishing feature are the consistently multilayered leaves.
Location requirements
The species is a lime-shy pioneer moss and grows in forests (often in beech forests) in shady, open, compacted, loamy or sandy, often steeply inclined or wind-exposed places that remain free of fallen leaves, especially on embankments, on steep brook banks or other cracks in the ground, less often on earth in crevices or on rotten wood.
distribution
Diphyscium foliosum is a species widespread in the northern hemisphere with occurrences in Europe, parts of Asia (Caucasus, Japan) and North and Central America. In Central Europe it is mainly widespread from submontane to medium alpine mountain areas, but not often. It is very rare on the plain.
Synonyms
Synonyms are Buxbaumia foliosa Hedw. (foliosa = leafy, in contrast to the real Buxbaumia species) or Diphyscium sessile Lindb. , nom. illegal, nom. superfl.
literature
- Jan-Peter Frahm , Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 4th, revised and expanded edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .
- Martin Nebel, Georg Philippi (ed.): The mosses of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General part, special part (Bryophytina I, Andreaeales to Funariales). Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3527-2 .
