Dipterocarpus alatus
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Dipterocarpus alatus |
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| Roxb. ex G.Don |
Dipterocarpus alatus is a plant of the genus dipterocarpus ( Dipterocarpus ) within the family of dipterocarpaceae (Dipterocarpaceae). This endangered species is native to tropical Asia and the wood is used.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Dipterocarpus alatus grows as an evergreen , medium to large tree , which usually reaches heights of up to 45 meters (sometimes more) and trunk diameters of over 2 meters. The straight, cylindrical trunk is free of knots up to a height of about 20 meters.
The alternate leaves arranged on the branches are stalked 2.5 to 4.5 cm long. With a length of 9 to 25 cm and a width of 3.5 to 15 cm, the leaf blade is narrow-egg-shaped, egg-shaped to elliptical-elongated with a wedge-shaped to rounded blade base and a pointed, indistinctly short, pointed upper end. The leaf margin is fully or wavy. There are 11 to 18 (up to 20) pairs of lateral nerves. The upper surface of the leaf is sparsely hairy and the underside of the leaf is densely hairy. The stipules are hairy grayish-yellow fluffy.
Generative characteristics
The relatively large, fragrant, hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five durable sepals are fused around the ovary, but not with it. There are two long, oblong to spatulate, more or less clearly three-veined and three short calyx lobes, or sometimes they are all short. She is. The five relatively large, elongated to narrow-elongated petals are strongly twisted and hang loosely together when falling off. The creamy white petals have striking red, pink or purple colored, streaky sap marks up to the center of the flowers.
The nuts are surrounded by the durable, glabrous, almost spherical calyx with a diameter of up to 8 mm. This fruit calyx has five wings, two of which are long and up to 14 cm long and up to 3 cm wide, three small ones are up to 12 mm long and up to 14 mm wide.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20 or 22.
Occurrence and endangerment
The distribution area of Dipterocarpus alatus is in tropical Asia: Andaman , Assam , Bangladesh , Thailand , Cambodia , Myanmar , Vietnam and since it was recognized that Dipterocarpus philippinensis is only a synonym, the Philippine island of Luzon . It occurs mainly in Southeast Asia . Dipterocarpus alatus occurs mainly at altitudes between 0 and 500 meters on alluvial soil and is native to evergreen and dry deciduous deciduous forests . In Indo-China and Thailand, Dipterocarpus alatus thrives gregariously along river banks. In the Philippines it is a species in the Dipterocarpus forests.
In the IUCN's Red List of Endangered Species , Dipterocarpus alatus is listed as "Endangered".
Taxonomy
The first description of Dipterocarpus alatus was made in 1831 by William Roxburgh in George Don : A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants , 1, p 813. homonyms are Dipterocarpus alatus A.DC. (published in Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis , 16 (2), 1868, p. 611) and Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. (published in Hortus Bengalensis, or a catalog ... II, p. 614). The specific epithet alatus means winged and refers to the fruit.
Synonyms for Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G.Don are: Dipterocarpus gonopterus Turcz., Dipterocarpus philippinensis Foxw.
use
Dipterocarpus alatus is one of the most important wood-producing species of the genus Dipterocarpus and one of the most important types of timber in Thailand alongside teak .
The resin is extracted from the Thai people, for example . This oleoresin is used for lighting and to make baskets and boats water-repellent. Today oleoresin is used to make paints and varnishes. The annual production by tapping a tree is between 23 and 31 liters of oleoresin.
Others
Dipterocarpus alatus dust causes bumps.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h data sheet - Dipterocarpus alatus at AgroForestryTree Database ( Memento from November 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ a b c Dipterocarpus alatus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: P. Ashton, 1998. Accessed on 11/16/2011.
- ^ Dipterocarpus alatus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ a b Tem Smitinand, Paul B. Tompsett & Martin Cheek: A New Synonym and a Range Extension for Dipterocarpus alatus , In: Kew Bulletin , Volume 48, No. 2, 1993, pp. 397-399. Abstract online.
- ↑ First description scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ^ Dipterocarpus alatus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
literature
- Christoper Brickell: RHS A – Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. 3rd edition, Dorling Kindersley, London 2003, ISBN 0-7513-3738-2 .
Web links
- Dipterocarpus alatus at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Information about wood on holzwurm-page.de.