Thistle Summer Arum
| Thistle Summer Arum | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thistle Summer Arum ( Orobanche reticulata ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Orobanche reticulata | ||||||||||||
| Wallr. |
The Thistle broomrape ( Orobanche reticulata ), also reticular broomrape called, is a plant type from the genus of orobanche ( Orobanche ) in the family of broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae).
description
The thistle summer root is a parasitic plant that grows to a height of 25 to 70 cm and parasitizes on thistles ( Cirsium ), ring thistles ( Carduus ), boar root ( Carlina ), widow flowers ( Knautia ) and scabiosa ( Scabiosa ).
The calyx is divided into two halves, which usually have no clear veins or are at most indistinctly one-nerved. The calyx tips are often bright purple to black in color, so that they stand out clearly from the crown . The back line of the crown is straight to barely curved and only bends almost at right angles at the level of the upper lip. In the subspecies reticulata , the corolla is only colored yellow at the base, otherwise purple and darkly veined, the upper lip is densely covered with glandular trichomes . The crowns of the subspecies pallidiflora are whitish yellow, only the lips are pale purple. The upper lip is faintly covered with glandular trichomes. The scar is dark brownish-purple in color.
The flowering period is June – July.
The number of chromosomes for both subspecies is 2n = 38.
.JPG)
Occurrence
The species occurs in Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, Morocco and Algeria. It grows on the edges of fields and roads, on fallow land and ruderal areas, as well as wet meadows rich in shrubs. It can be found at heights of up to 1900 m. It prefers fresh to moist, mostly base and nutrient-rich soils.
Systematics
Some authors differentiate between two subspecies within the species:
- Reticulated thistle summer root ( Orobanche reticulata subsp. Reticulata ): It occurs in societies of the order Seslerietalia or the association Mesobromion. It parasits on Carduus defloratus , on Carlina acaulis or on species of the genus Knautia .
- Pale-flowered thistle summer arum ( Orobanche reticulata subsp. Pallidiflora (Wimm. & Grab.) Hayek ): It occurs in societies of the class Artemisietea. It parasits on species of the genera Cirsium and Carduus .
literature
- Siegmund Seybold : Flora of Germany and neighboring countries. A book for identifying vascular plants that grow wild and often cultivated . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 93rd completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2006, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .
- Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch, Werner Westhus (eds.): Flora of Thuringia. The wild fern and flowering plants of Thuringia . Weissdorn, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 867 .
- ^ Orobanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
Web links
- Thistle Summer Arum. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Thistle Summer Arum . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Orobanche reticulata Wallr. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran. (swed.)
- Thomas Meyer: Sommerwurz data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
