Clomethiazole
Structural formula | ||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||
Non-proprietary name | Clomethiazole | |||||||||
other names |
5- (2-chloroethyl) -4-methyl-1,3-thiazole |
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Molecular formula | C 6 H 8 ClNS | |||||||||
Brief description |
yellow-brown, viscous oil with an unpleasant odor |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||
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Drug information | ||||||||||
ATC code | ||||||||||
Drug class | ||||||||||
Mechanism of action |
Modulation of the GABA A receptor |
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properties | ||||||||||
Molar mass | 161.65 g mol −1 | |||||||||
boiling point |
92 ° C (933 Pa) |
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pK s value |
3.2 |
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solubility |
little in water (1.04 g l −1 at 25 ° C) |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Clomethiazole ( trade name in Germany and Switzerland: Distraneurin ® , manufacturer: AstraZeneca , colloquially also called Distra ) is a thiazole derivative , similar to the thiazole content of thiamine (vitamin B 1 ), which Hoffmann-La Roche patented in 1938. Due to its sedative , hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties, it is used as a drug from the group of psychotropic drugs .
Clomethiazole is used:
- in older patients with states of excitement due to organic psychosyndrome
- for severe sleep disorders in old age
- under inpatient conditions to combat severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms in order to avoid delirium tremens
Along with benzodiazepines, clomethiazole is a first choice for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and alcohol withdrawal delirium , both in specialist clinics and in internal medicine facilities. It should be noted that the application should only take place for a short time, as clomethiazole has a high potential for dependence . The drug may only be administered in an inpatient setting, as it can, among other things, lead to a strong reduction in breathing and circulation. In addition, it must be ensured that there is no simultaneous consumption of alcohol, which can lead to extreme interactions. In particular, the fact that the dosage must be continuously adapted to the respective patient and the symptoms is also important. Since alcohol withdrawal with the risk of delirium is generally a life-threatening condition and is therefore an indication for emergency hospital admission, one thing causes the other.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c F. v. Bruchhausen, S. Ebel, AW Frahm, E. Hackenthal: Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice. Vol. 7 (substances A – D), Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-52688-9 .
- ↑ a b Entry on clomethiazole in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .
- ↑ a b Data sheet Chlormethiazole hydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 23, 2011 ( PDF ).
- ↑ a b c Specialist information from the Swiss Medicines Compendium for Distraneurin by AstraZeneca - as of July 23, 2009.
- ^ S1 guideline alcohol delirium of the German Society for Neurology (DGN). In: AWMF online (as of 2012)