Dopamine β-hydroxylase

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Dopamine β-hydroxylase
Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure 578/617 amino acids
Secondary to quaternary structure Homotetramer
Cofactor PQQ , ascorbate , copper
Identifier
Gene names DBH  ; DbetaH
External IDs
Enzyme classification
EC, category 1.14.17.1 ,  monooxygenase
Response type Hydroxylation
Substrate Dopamine + ascorbate + O 2
Products Norepinephrine + dehydroascorbate + H 2 O
Occurrence
Homology family DBH
Parent taxon Higher mammals

When dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) is the enzyme which the, oxidation of dopamine to noradrenaline catalyzed . This is the final step in the biosynthesis of the hormone and neurotransmitter norepinephrine. DBH has only been found in mammals , where it is primarily localized in the adrenal glands and the nervous system. Mutations in the human DBH - gene can dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency lead.

Mice without DBH show no addictive behavior with certain drugs , but have unchanged appetite .

Catalyzed reaction

Dopamine+ Ascorbate + O 2 → Norepinephrine+ dehydroascorbate + H 2 O

Dopamine is hydroxylated to norepinephrine. DBH occurs in a cytosolic and a membrane isoform . The activity of the enzyme increases with age.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ UniProt P09172
  2. ↑ Jasmin L, Narasaiah M, Tien D: Noradrenaline is necessary for the hedonic properties of addictive drugs . In: Vascul. Pharmacol. . 45, No. 4, October 2006, pp. 243-50. doi : 10.1016 / j.vph.2005.08.030 . PMID 16899413 .
  3. ↑ Erdös B, Erdem SR, Erdem A, Broxson CS, Tümer N: Effect of age on angiotensin II-mediated downregulation of adrenomedullary catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes . In: Exp. Gerontol. . 43, No. 8, August 2008, pp. 806-9. doi : 10.1016 / j.exger.2008.04.012 . PMID 18522866 .

Web links

Wikibooks: Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry: Tyrosine Metabolism  - Learning and Teaching Materials