Dora Boerner-Patzelt

Dora Boerner-Patzelt (here in the histology lecture at the Karl-Franzens University in Graz, 1935)

Dora Boerner-Patzelt (born July 26, 1891 in Prague , Austria-Hungary as Dorothea Sophia Patzelt , † April 5, 1974 in Graz ) was a Bohemian-Austrian ( Sudeten German ) physician, histologist and embryologist .

In 1929 she was the first woman to receive her habilitation at the Medical Faculty of the Karl Franzens University in Graz .

Life

Dora Patzelt was the second daughter of Victor Ignaz Stephan Patzelt (1856-1908), a grandson of Franz Ignaz Killiches . Victor Ignaz Stephan Patzelt was the primary doctor of the hospital and district doctor of Brüx in what was then Bohemia ( Sudetenland ). Dora Patzelt's mother was Erna Patzelt, née Kaulich, daughter of Josef Kaulich , founder of the children's clinic at Charles University in Prague . Dora Patzelt spent her childhood in Brüx. She received private lessons. In 1905 she came to live with her grandparents in Prague , where she attended the German Girls' Lyceum , where she passed the school-leaving examination in 1908. Her father died of a lung disease the following year . Later she continued her school education and passed the final examination at the Tetschen secondary school in 1912 .

Dora Patzelt (4th from left) as a student in the dissecting room (1915)

In 1912, mother Erna Patzelt moved with the three children Erna, Viktor and Dora von Brüx in Bohemia to Graz in Styria ; both countries were then part of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. From 1914 to 1919 Dora Patzelt studied medicine at the Karl-Franzens University in Graz; her studies she completed in October 1919 with the promotion from a Doctor of Medicine. In June 1919 she married Wilhelm Boerner, who would later become a pulmonologist and head of the lung department of the regional hospital in Graz, and from then on had the surname Boerner . In connection with her job she called herself Boerner-Patzelt . Their daughter Liselotte was born in August 1922. From 1915 Boerner-Patzelt belonged to the Institute for Histology and Embryology at the University of Graz , first as a demonstrator, then as an assistant to the board of directors Hans Rabl . At the same time she worked and published scientifically.

In 1929, Boerner-Patzelt applied for the license to teach , which sparked a heated discussion at the University of Graz about the habilitation of women in general. In a negative statement by the dean Franz Hamburger, among other things, it said: "For the habilitation one should admit those who also have the prerequisites for filling a chair [...], but that is with a woman who has the duties of a wife and mother with the support of Hans Rabl and Otto Loewi , in November 1929 she was the first woman to receive her habilitation at the Medical Faculty of the Karls-Franzens University.

Corporate state

During the time of Austrofascism , Boerner-Patzelt was dismissed in early 1935 as part of the so-called double- income campaign , but was still commissioned with lectures and courses for which she was paid by the hour. She was also able to continue her scientific work and published the results of six scientific studies by 1942.

Relationship to National Socialism

After the " annexation of Austria " to the National Socialist German Reich and the outbreak of World War II , in 1939 she initially took on assistant services for male assistants who were called up for military service. In May 1939 she became a member of the National Socialist Women's Association . In October 1939, Boerner-Patzelt was employed again as a lecturer and in March 1943 was appointed associate professor. In April 1945 she was appointed head of the Institute for Histology and Embryology - as a substitute for Alfred Pischinger , director from 1936 to 1945 - until Carla Zawisch-Ossenitz was appointed to the new director in 1947.

Because of her and her husband's Primarius Wilhelm Boerner (his mother was American), known for their anti- National Socialist stance even during the period when the NSDAP was banned , she was boycotted and threatened by national academic circles and her husband was denounced. In a party court case , he was banned from private medical practice. His final conviction was postponed until after the war, as he was indispensable as head of the lung department of the state hospital. Under this pressure, the couple decided to join the party without ever doing anything. (Dora Boerner-Patzelt never received a NSDAP party membership card).

post war period

Boerner-Patzelt was classified as “less exposed” and, at the instigation of Carla Zawisch-Ossenitz, continued to work as an assistant and lecturer at the Institute for Histology and Embryology, as it was “indispensable for a subject that was developed in Austria after the war (1945/47 ) was only represented by a total of three people ". In 1956 she retired.

In her private life, Dora Boerner-Patzelt was very active; Among other things, she painted and photographed, made furniture and inlays . Together with Ida Penecke-Buxbaum , she updated the recipes in the cookbook Die Süddeutsche Küche by Katharina Prato for the 78th / 79th edition published in Graz in 1938. Edition to which her husband Medical Councilor Dr Wilhelm Boerner contributed an appendix on dietetic cuisine . The couple Boerner / Boerner-Patzelt ran a socially open house for an intellectual and artistic circle of acquaintances and, among other things, regularly invited people to house music events.

Dora Boerner-Patzelt's older brother Viktor Patzelt (1887–1956) was head of the Institute for Histology and Embryology at the University of Vienna .

In 1961 her husband Wilhelm Börner died of a lung disease. She herself died in 1974 at the age of 82.

Publications (selection)

• For knowledge of the intravital storage processes in the reticulo-endothelial apparatus. In: Journal for all of Experimental Medicine. Volume XXXIV, Issue 3/6 Berlin 1923.
• For knowledge of the intravital storage of Ferrum oxydatum saccharatum. In: Journal for all of Experimental Medicine.
• Morphology and histogenesis of the rediculo-endothelial system. In: The reticuloendothelium. Summary report. Leipzig 1925.
• About the morphological behavior of striated muscles towards acids. with Alfred Pischinger In: Protoplasma. Volume III, Issue 1, Leipzig 1927.
• The behavior of the structures of striated muscle fibers in relation to acids. with Alfred Pischinger In: Protoplasma. Volume V Issue 1, Leipzig 1928.
• Awareness of the histological changes in trypsin poisoning. In: Archives of Experimental Pathology and Pharmacology. Volume 99, Issue 3/4 Verlag FCW Vogel in Leipzig.
• For knowledge of the intravital storage processes in the reticulo-endothelial apparatus. In: Clinical weekly. 2nd year, No. 11, Julius Springer Verlag, Berlin.
• Studies on the development of the heart in the duck. In: Journal for microscopic-anatomical research. Volume 26 (Schaffer-Festband) Leipzig 1931.
• Location of the isoelectric point of some cells under different conditions. In: Journal of Cell Research and Microscopic Anatomy. (Section B of the Journal for Scientific Biology), Volume 16, Issue 1, 1932.
• On the influence of fixation on the stainability of Paneth's granule cells in the mouse. In: Journal of Cell Research and Microscopic Anatomy. Volume 22, Issue 4, 1935.
• About the properties and importance of the panethic granule cells in the animal series. In: Journal of Cell Research and Microscopic Anatomy. Volume 24, published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1935.
• About the problem of glossy streaks. with Walther Lipp In: Journal for Cell Research and Microscopic Anatomy. Volume 34, Issue 1, Springer Verlag, Vienna 1946.
• Fluorescence microscopic examinations of lipoids. In: Protoplasm. Vol. XLI, 1952, Issue 2, Springer-Verlag, Vienna.
• The relations of the first appendix of the adrenal gland and its vessels to one another. In: Journal for microscopic-anatomical research. Volume 59, Issue 1, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig 1952.
• Interrelationships between the early development of the pituitary gland and the formation of its vascular system. In: Journal for microscopic-anatomical research. Volume 60, Issue 1, Academic Publishing Company Geest & Portig, Leipzig 1954.

literature

• Alois Kernbauer: Dora Boerner-Patzelt. The first female lecturer at the medical faculty. In: Alois Kernbauer, Karin Lienhart-Schmidlechner (eds.): Women's studies and women's careers at the University of Graz (= publications from the archive of the University of Graz 33) Graz 1996, pp. 243–249.
• Alois Kernbauer: Boerner-Patzelt, Dora. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , pp. 70–76.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Boerner-Patzelt Dora, geb. Dorothea Sophie Boerner. Histologist At: www.biografiA.at, Biographical Database and Lexicon of Austrian Women; Retrieved February 22, 2011.
2. ↑ Katharina Prato : The South German Kitchen. 78./79. Edition. redesigned and expanded edition. Styria, Graz 1938.

Web links

• Detailed curriculum vitae on www.biografiA.at, biographical database and lexicon of Austrian women