Rabitz
Rabitz is the name for wire plaster , which consists of a supporting metal substructure , the Rabitz grid as a plaster base , and the plaster mortar . The process was developed by the Berlin master mason Carl Rabitz and a patent was applied for in 1878 . Rabitz work is to be assigned to the plasterer trade .
precursor
The forerunners of this technique were known as early as 1840; they had been imported into Germany by French craftsmen . At that time, the load-bearing structure was still made of wood, the work of which sometimes led to severe cracking. Carl Rabitz developed this technique further by using a metal substructure and thus minimizing the formation of cracks.
Construction principle
The Rabitz construction consists of a rib-like construction of round steel rods with a diameter of 5–8 mm, which are installed at right angles to each other and firmly connected to each other at the crossing points with wire . Stronger irons can and must be used for vaulted structures or overhanging cornices . In the case of hanging structures such as ceilings and vaults, additional hangers are required. About this supporting substructure is plaster base excited. Wired reeds , expanded ribs , brick wire and various fabrics made of metal wires are used for this. This fabric is then squeezed out with a fiber-reinforced mortar and roughened with a cleaning comb . Animal hair, such as calf hair or pig bristles, has proven its worth as fibers to this day. The expressed fabric is plastered normally. As a plaster are lime mortar , lime cement mortar , cement mortar and plaster into consideration. Usually, plaster or cement mortar is used. One speaks therefore of gypsum and cement rabitz.
Fireproof ceiling plaster and fireproof lightweight partition walls
On May 27, 1879, a fire test took place on the property of the master bricklayer Rabitz at Scharnhorststrasse 7, in the presence of commissioners from the Ministry of Public Works, the Police Presidium of the Fire Brigade and the Ministerial Construction Commission. In this experiment, the "Rabitzsche Putz" for ceilings (DRP 3789) as well as the "Patent Construction (fire-proof partition walls)" (DRP 4590) should be compared in their fire safety with traditionally created walls and ceilings. This and a subsequent attempt on December 28, 1882 confirmed the superiority of the inventions.
application
With Rabitz constructions, ceilings can be pulled down, (facade) cornices can be blinded, vaults and non-load-bearing stud walls can be produced, the jacketing of pillars and supports, the facing of installations and the construction of ventilation ducts. Today the Rabitz is often replaced by drywall because it is more expensive to manufacture and much heavier compared to drywall. In addition, the manufacturing process brings more moisture into the building, and assembly and possible demolition are very time-consuming. But Rabitz also has advantages. It basically fulfills high fire protection requirements , for example a plaster rabitz ceiling is basically defined with a building authority designation of F60A. The high load-bearing capacity and the possibility of completely free shaping of a scratched surface still open up many possible applications today, especially in the innovative interior design of buildings in combination with stucco . Another area of application is monument preservation .
Norms
- Decree of the former Prussian Minister for People's Welfare of December 15, 1930 II C 2494 and DIN 4121 of August 1951 for large Rabitz blankets ,
- DIN 4103 for Rabitz walls
- Technical regulations for construction works. DIN 1964, B, number 15, the following is carried out with regard to this work (there wire plaster ): "Wire mesh is to be properly attached with round or band iron, clamping screws, hooks, forged nails or iron loops and tightened so that in the surfaces and no cracks appear at the connections. The required number and strength of hanging irons must be attached. Hair mortar is to be used for the plaster core . In addition, the provisions for wall and ceiling plaster apply accordingly. "
- continue the DIN ATV 18350 plastering and stucco work
literature
- Paul Binder, Fritz Schaumann, Meinrad Haas, Karl Läpple: plasterer manual. The plaster primer. 5th edition. Th. Schäfer, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-88746-087-1 , p. 9 and p. 115-144.
- Karl Lade, Adolf Winkler: plaster, stucco, Rabitz. A manual for the trade. 3. Edition. Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1936, OCLC 250602383 .
- Rainer Franz, Eugen Schwarz, Markus Weißert: Comment ATV DIN 18350 and 18299. Plastering and stucco work. 12th edition. Vieweg, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-8348-0409-9 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Description: Fire test and behavior , Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , April 14, 1883, p. 136, accessed on December 17, 2012.