Trilingual peak
| Trilingual peak | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Dreisprachenspitze from the “Stilfser Joch ski area” car park |
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| height | 2843 m above sea level M. | |
| location | Lombardy / South Tyrol ( Italy ), Graubünden ( Switzerland ) | |
| Mountains | Ortler Alps , Alps | |
| Coordinates , ( CH ) | 46 ° 31 '50 " N , 10 ° 27' 9" O ( 831 173 / 157692 ) | |
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The Dreisprachenspitze (Italian: Cima Garibaldi , Rhaeto-Romanic ; sometimes also "Dreiländerspitze", not to be confused with the Dreiländerspitze in the Silvretta massif in Austria) is a 2843 m high elevation in the Italian - Swiss Alps. Geographically, it is an insignificant secondary peak of the Rötlspitze , it has above all a cultural and tourist significance.
Location
Until South Tyrol fell to Italy (1919), this was the tri-border region between Italy, Austria and Switzerland. This is where the areas of distribution of the Italian language ( Lombard dialect), the German language ( Tyrolean , South Tyrolean dialect) and the Rhaeto-Romanic language ( Münstertal dialect Jauer ) meet .
The Garibaldi Hut is on the summit. A few meters from the hut is the boundary stone No. 1, which marks the border between Italy and Switzerland and marked the border between Italy, Austria and Switzerland until the end of the First World War . In the 1960s, the hut was built next to the ruins of an old Swiss inn. This was destroyed in the First World War under the fire of the Italian factory artillery of the Forte Venini di Oga near Bormio , which is about eleven kilometers to the south as the crow flies.
Surroundings
The mountain is located directly above the second highest Alpine pass , the Stilfser Joch (2757 m), and can therefore be reached without any problems. From the top of the pass you only need about ten minutes to the summit. In the east you can see the Stilfser-Joch-Nordost-Rampe, in the southeast the enormous glacier masses of the Ortler and the Monte Livrio . In the southwest you can see Monte Scorluzzo , to the west of it the southwest ramp to Bormio and the Umbrailpass , the highest passable pass in Switzerland . The slopes of the mountain sloping down to the Italian side are protected in the Stilfserjoch National Park .
history
During the First World War, this was a hotly contested high mountain region: Austria-Hungary was in the east, Italy in the west , and in between there was a bulge of Swiss territory at this point . So it sometimes happened that the two warring states Austria-Hungary and Italy literally fought over the heads of the Swiss border guards. In 1915 the Austro-Hungarian army set up a large troop camp on the eastern slope below the ridge on the Austro-Hungarian side, which was in the blind spot of the Italian artillery. In the period that followed , it was referred to as the Lemagh camp after the commandant of the defense section of the Ortler Front , Colonel Moritz Erwin von Lemchten . Due to its sheltered location, it was considered a rest home by the soldiers at the front and even had a field cinema at an altitude of around 2700 m . In September 1917, even Emperor Karl I came to the camp to visit the front.
photos
The Garibaldi Hut on the summit of the Dreisprachenspitze
The east side with the Stilferjochstraße
The boundary stone no. 1 on the Dreisprachenspitze
Lem gegenlager below the ridge of latitude (1917)
Emperor Karl I visiting the troops in the Lemgeld camp
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Web links
literature
- Helmut Golowitsch (Ed.): Ortler Fights 1915-1918. The King of the German Alps and his heroes by Major General Baron von Lemagh supplemented by historical contributions , Book Service South Tyrol, Nuremberg 2005, ISBN 978-3-923995-28-8 .
- Alexander Jordan: War for the Alps: The First World War in the Alpine region and the Bavarian border protection . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-428-12843-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ rifugiogaribaldi.it: The story of the Garibaldi hut , accessed on July 29, 2007
- ↑ Alexander Jordan: War for the Alps: The First World War in the Alpine Space and the Bavarian Border Guard p. 441
- ↑ War on the Umbrail (PDF; 52 kB), accessed on June 7, 2018.