Misprint
A printing error is an error in a product (printed matter, printed matter) created using a printing technique . Printing errors in the narrower sense are procedural errors , they arise directly during the printing process / process.
In general, typographical errors are usually referred to as typographical errors that occur in the typesetting before the start of the printing process. This sometimes includes a typo .
Procedural error
Process errors are errors in the print image caused by technical errors, operating errors, processes that are not optimally coordinated with one another or a lack of care in production.
- Set-off : The still wet printing ink rubs off on the back of the printed sheet above when stacking printed sheets. This can be remedied by dusting , i.e. applying a protective layer e.g. B. from lime dust, which does not affect the print image if it is applied thin enough.
- Butzen (also: Putzen, Partisanen, Boel): Foreign bodies that stick to the printing form or the rubber blanket (see also: offset printing ) and lead to imperfections in the print. They are made from dried printing ink, from paper particles or from textile fluff from the roller covers. Printing machines can be equipped with slug catchers that allow foreign bodies to be removed while the machine is running.
- Cord strips : in wet offset printing
- Duplicating : shadow-like pale contours next to the actual print
- Strikethrough : Ink penetrates the paper from the printed side to the back
- Schmitz : blurred print, blurred contours
- Speed cameras or misregistration: In multi-colored printing, the inaccurate alignment of the printing forms for different colors results in lighter or white areas
- Snot nose : A snot nose is a printing error in the gravure printing process. Dirt deposits such as paper dust or pigment encrustations ("snot") under the doctor blade cause the printing ink to pull out like a nose and print on the substrate.
- Ink splashes : splashes on the substrate caused by leaks in the ink system
Sentence errors
Punctuation errors are misspelled words or typographical errors in printed text .
In the past, typesetting errors occurred when the typesetter transferred the mostly handwritten manuscript . Today texts are often recorded by the author himself and delivered digitally, so that the author is a possible source of typographical errors. Typographical errors such as quotation marks and dashes as well as unconventional spelling are particularly common in the division of telephone and bank account numbers .
Multiple checks are necessary to avoid sentence errors. Traditionally, a proofreader reads the proofs . In doing so, he makes appropriate, in some cases country-specific, correction marks .
Today, spelling and grammar checking programs are also used to reduce sentence errors . However, these cannot replace content-related and logical checks by correctors: The context of a text must be taken into account, for example to detect typing errors that happen to result in an existing word. This human correction is often not rewarded, so that for reasons of cost and time, an increased occurrence of typesetting errors can be determined.
Examples of typographical typographical errors
- Fly head : inverted letter (the printing foot acts, intentionally or unintentionally, as a blockage)
- Gießbach or Gasse: spaces between words in several lines that are exactly one above the other
- Whore child or widow: single end line of a paragraph at the beginning of the page or column
- Shoemaker boy : stand-alone first line of a paragraph at the end of the page or column
- Corpse: missing letter or phrase, or missing word
- Wedding: double set word or line
- Onion Fish : Characters from an incorrect font or style
Web links
literature
- Jürgen Beyer: Errata and Corrigenda . In: Wolfenbütteler Notizen zur Buchgeschichte 37 (2012), pp. 27–39.
- Helmut Hiller, Stephan Füssel: Dictionary of the book . Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 978-3-465-03495-7 .
- Gerhard Müller: Insightful misprints . In: Sprachspiegel (Zurich), issue 1/2010, pp. 3–7 ( digitized version ).
- Ursula Rautenberg (Hrsg.): Reclams Sachlexikon des Buches . Reclam, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-15-010542-0 .
- George Christian Wolf: The praise and the benefit of the misprints. In: The German Society in Leipzig Own writings and translations in bound and unbound writing. 1st vol. 2nd, increased edition. Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf, Leipzig 1735, pp. 253-265 ( digitized version ).