Dudum siquidem (Alexander VI.)

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Dudum siquidem (German: "Insofar recently", so the initial words that gave the bull its name) is a papal bull from Pope Alexander VI. which was published September 26, 1493. The bull mainly summarizes the privileges previously granted to the Spanish and Portuguese royal houses.

Historical background

After the expeditions of Christopher Columbus (1492) the Spaniards in the scheme of zoning were interested, especially since the Portuguese king had declared discovered by Columbus areas and islands to the Portuguese possession. This prompted Pope Alexander VI. to intervene. In 1493 several bulls were issued in rapid succession, the Pope wanted to make territorial claims in the " New World " more difficult for other countries .

Gift bull

The bull Inter caetera of May 3, 1493 was a donation bull to the kings of Castile and León , the Pope left the islands and countries discovered and conquered in the west to them, with the condition that missionaries be sent to the New World . As a second bull was followed by the same name, the first bull is more accurate than Inter caetera I called.

The dividing lines of 1493 and 1494

demarcation line

The second bull had the same name as the previous donation bull and is more precisely called Inter caetera II . It was issued on June 28, 1493, but backdated to May 4, 1493. To context repetitions of the first bull of the Pope now held a two hundred miles west of the Azores and Cape Verde from the North - the South Pole defined separation zone (see picture). This bull now received a papal discovery order, which had to be approved by the Spanish king for other states. If ignored, the Pope announced an automatic ban on the Church .

Extension of privilege for Portugal

With the third bull Eximiae devotionis , which was also backdated to May 3, 1493, Alexander VI expanded. the privileges also on the areas on the coasts of Africa explored by the Portuguese . The right to enslavement of the pagan peoples was no longer granted, however, because the spirit of the crusade had replaced the missionary mandate .

Confirmation to the mission

With the fourth papal bull Piis fidelium (dated June 25, 1493) the Castilian crown was once again expressly given a missionary order.

Dudum siquidem: summary and mediation

Finally, Pope Alexander VI. with the fifth bull on this connection, Dudum siquidem, all of the privileges previously pronounced together. At the beginning he went into the forerunner bulls, he praised the Spanish and Portuguese kings as loyal masters and again reminded of the granted rights, jurisdictions , power and authority . He urged the Spanish and Portuguese kings to accept this gift and assured them of support and succession to all areas. He underlined full and free power and complete authority in the areas already mentioned. He threatened to excommunicate all those who violate this transfer of office, whether knight or clergy .

See also

Treaty of Tordesillas 1494, Spain and Portugal share the world.

literature

  • Martha Schad (Ed.): Power and Myth - The Great Dynasties: The Spanish Royal Family. Weltbild publishing group, Augsburg 2002

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