Fragrant flat pea

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Fragrant flat pea
Lathyrus odoratus Painted Lady.jpg

Sweet pea ( Lathyrus odoratus )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Flat peas ( Lathyrus )
Type : Fragrant flat pea
Scientific name
Lathyrus odoratus
L.

The sweet pea ( Lathyrus odoratus ) is a species of the common pea ( Lathyrus ) in the legume family (Fabaceae). As an ornamental plant, it is called "sweet pea", "sweet pea" or "garden pea".

description

Illustration from The Botanical Magazine , Volume 2, 1788, plate 60

Vegetative characteristics

The fragrant flat pea is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 80 to 160 centimeters. The climbing stem is hairy and clearly winged. The leaves are pinnate. There is a terminal tendril on the leaflets . There is only one pair of leaflets per leaf, they are ovate-elliptical , 2 to 6 centimeters long and 7 to 30 millimeters wide. The stipules are 1.5 to 2.5 inches long.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to September. The racemose inflorescence usually contains two to seven, rarely just one flower. The strongly fragrant, hermaphrodite flower is zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The chalice is 10 to 11 millimeters long. The calyx teeth are almost as long as the calyx tube. The crown has the typical shape of the butterfly flower , is white, pink, purple, violet or blue and 2 to 3.5 centimeters long.

The hairy legume is 5 to 7 inches long, 10 to 12 millimeters wide and contains eight seeds.

The basic chromosome number is x = 7; there is diploidy , i.e. a chromosome number of 2n = 14.

Occurrence

The sweet pea is found wild in southern Italy and northwestern Africa on dry slopes.

Hazards and protective measures

Due to uncontrolled collecting and trading, this species is in decline. The IUCN classifies this species as ( Near Threatened ) potentially endangered. This species is cultivated for trade to protect wild populations.

use

The sweet pea is widely used as an ornamental plant in gardens and as a cut flower. It has been in culture since the early 18th century. There are numerous varieties with different growth, number and color of the flowers, the crown is purple, pink, blue, white or multicolored. Spencer varieties have profuse inflorescences.

Toxicity

The seeds of the sweet pea contain a toxin, which inhibits the collagen-linking enzyme lysyl oxidase . The clinical picture caused is lathyrism .

swell

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants . Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Berlin Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 .
  • Lathyrus odoratus at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition, page 619. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ↑ Lathyrus odoratus at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ↑ Lathyrus odoratus in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Branca, F. & Donnini, D., 2010. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
  4. ^ Denise R. Ferrier: Biochemistry, Illustrated Review . Ed .: Lippincott. 7th edition. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, ISBN 978-1-4963-6354-1 , pp. 48 .

Web links

Commons : Sweet pea ( Lathyrus odoratus )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files