European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
| European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
|
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| legal form | |
| founding | 1991 |
| Seat | London |
| management |
Suma Chakrabarti (President) |
| Branch | Banks |
| Website | ebrd.com |
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (short EBRD or EBRD , of Engl. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development ) is a Founded in 1991, Bank . Its task, set after the collapse of the Eastern Bloc in 1989, is to financially support the countries in Central and Eastern Europe and in the Commonwealth of Independent States in their transformation process towards a market economy and private and entrepreneurial activity.
target
The aim is to promote the economic transformation process in the former communist CEEC and CIS states. The development towards a market economy with private entrepreneurial activities is to be supported.
Working method
The EBRD promotes structural and sector reforms, as well as competition, privatization and entrepreneurship. Through its financing, it supports the acquisition of co-financing and direct foreign investments as well as the mobilization of domestic capital. Investments are mainly made in private companies, mostly together with business partners. The bank also provides technical cooperation in relevant areas and cooperates with international financial institutions and international and national organizations.
Particularly banks, industrial companies and companies are eligible for funding, including both start-ups and investments in existing companies. Cooperation with the public sector is aimed at privatization, the restructuring of state companies and the improvement of municipal services. According to its mandate, the EBRD can only operate where democratic principles are respected. Also ecological aspects play a decisive role.
The main financing instruments are loans , equity investments , guarantees and intermediary financing in which the bank participates.
structure
Shareholders of the EBRD are about 61 countries and two intergovernmental institutions ( European Commission and European Investment Bank ), so public support. The main bodies are the Board of Governors (one representative per member country) and the Board of Directors (23 members, appointed for three years by the Board of Governors). The EBRD President is appointed by the Board of Governors for a four-year term.
According to a June 2008 report in the French newspaper L'Express , the EBRD President's salary is € 428,000 a year, plus a company apartment in London and a company car with driver.
Members
The members of the EBRD:
- Egypt
- Albania
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Australia
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Denmark
- Germany
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Georgia
- Greece
- Great Britain
- Ireland
- Iceland
- Israel
- Italy
- Japan
- Canada
- Kazakhstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Kosovo
- Croatia
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Morocco
- Mexico
- Moldova
- Mongolia
- Montenegro
- New Zealand
- Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Austria
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russia
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- South Korea
- Tajikistan
- Czech Republic
- Turkey
- Turkmenistan
- Ukraine
- Hungary
- United States
- Uzbekistan
- Belarus
- Cyprus
- European Community (until November 1993), since November 1993: European Union
- European Investment Bank
history
The French President François Mitterrand gave the impetus for a European bank in a speech to the European Parliament in Strasbourg on October 25, 1989. His idea resulted in an agreement signed on May 29, 1990 in Paris by 40 states, the European Commission and the European Investment Bank to establish the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . It came into force on March 28, 1991. From April 15, 1991, the bank began operations in London. As a result of the economic sanctions against Russia adopted in 2014, the EBRD's investment focus has shifted to Ukraine .
President of the EBRD
- Jacques Attali (1991-1993)
- Jacques de Larosière (1993–1998)
- Horst Köhler (1998–2000)
- Jean Lemierre (2000-2008)
- Thomas Mirow (2008–2012)
- Suma Chakrabarti (since 2012 and elected until 2020)
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article "Ces postes qui valent de l'or" in 'L'Express' of April 9, 2008 (printed N ° 224-225 May-June 2008, page 49)
- ↑ European Bank for Recovery and Development: Background ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English), accessed on May 28, 2010
- ↑ Policy documents of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (PDF; 2.1 MB), accessed on May 28, 2010
- ↑ Bettina Schulz: Sanctions: Russians on the dry side. In: zeit.de. October 17, 2014, accessed December 9, 2014 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 11 " N , 0 ° 4 ′ 47" W.