Ectodini
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| Poll , 1986 |
The Ectodini are a tribe of the cichlids (Cichlidae). All species of the Ectodini are endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. The monophyly is proven by various morphological features and examination of DNA sequences.
features
The Ectodini are small to medium-sized cichlids with different body shapes and body lengths from 7.5 to 26 cm. Usually the back of the head or the front back area at the base of the dorsal fin is the highest area of the body and the trunk becomes narrower and less high towards the caudal fin. In most cases they are silvery or brownish in color with various blackish or iridescent dots, spots or stripes. In the males, iridescent or metallic shimmering areas are stronger, their fins may be pulled out. The teeth are three-pointed, they feed on plankton.
Way of life
Most species of the Ectodini live bentically over sandy sea bottoms. The genera Cunningtonia , Cyathopharynx and Ophthalmotilapia , on the other hand, like most of the cichlids of Lake Tanganyika, inhabit the rocky coasts that offer plenty of hiding places. Probably all ectodini mouthbrooders either breed both sexes or just the females.
Systematics
External system
The ectodini are like the majority of mouthbrooding cichlid Tanganjikasee, as well as many hundreds of other kinds, Malawi , and Victoria to the H line said clade of Poeciliinae that, after the formation of the East African, Great Lakes in the wake of a rapid Adaptive Radiation the newly created habitat. The Cyprichromini or the Perissodini are suspected to be sister groups , but neither has been confirmed so far.
Internal system
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Phylogenetic systematics of the Ectodini according to Koblmüller et al. 2004
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- Genus Aulonocranus
- Aulonocranus dewindti Regan 1920
- Genus Callochromis Regan 1920
- Genus Cardiopharynx
- Cardiopharynx schoutedeni Poll 1942
- Genus Cunningtonia
- Cunningtonia longiventralis Boulenger 1906
- Genus Cyathopharynx
- Cyathopharynx foae (Vaillant, 1899)
- Cyathopharynx furcifer Regan 1920
- Genus Ectodus
- Ectodus descampsii Boulenger 1898
- Genus Grammatotria
- Genus Lestradea Poll 1943
- Genus Ophthalmotilapia Pellegrin 1904
- Genus Xenotilapia Boulenger 1899
Aulonocranus dewindti
Cunningtonia longiventralis
Cyathopharynx furcifer
Grammatotria lemairii
Ophthalmotilapia nasuta
Xenotilapia papilio
swell
- S. Koblmüller, W. Salzburger, C. Sturmbauer: Evolutionary Relationships in the Sand-Dwelling Cichlid Lineage of Lake Tanganyika Suggest Multiple Colonization of Rocky Habitats and Convergent Origin of Biparental Mouthbrooding PDF (556 kB) J Mol Evol (2004) 58:79 -96 DOI: 10.1007 / s00239-003-2527-1
- Mark Smith: Lake Tanganyika Cichlids. Barron's Educational Series, 1998, ISBN 0764106155
