Eduard Duckesz

Eduard Duckesz (born August 3, 1868 in Szelepcsény ; murdered March 6, 1944 in Auschwitz concentration camp ) was a rabbi in Hamburg-Altona .

Life

family

Eduard Jecheskel (Enoch Isidor) Duckesz, son of the merchants Yosef and Tereza Duckesz, came to the then independent Altona in 1891 after his training at the Orthodox Yeshiva Moses Sofers in Pressburg , which he attended from 1881 to 1891 , where he was 22 years old the 3rd claus rabbi at the claus of Issachar Bär Hakohen was appointed and a member of the rabbinical court . He was married to Eva Sasl / Saxl, who was born in Boskowitz , Czech Republic, in 1868 and with whom he had five children: Leo / Jehuda (born 1894), Hanna (born 1895), Max / Mordechai (born 1896), Michael (born 1902) and Esther (born 1904), later married to Abram Rosental (1906–1941), who died as an officer in the Red Army in Kharkov .

Rabbis in Altona and Hamburg

From 1891 to 1939 3rd rabbi and Dayan in Altona. 1906 Appointment as chief rabbi. Garrison rabbi and administrator of the chief rabbinate of Altona and the state rabbinate of Schleswig-Holstein during the First World War. Since 1918 rabbinate assessor at the chief rabbinate in Altona and together with Jacob B. Cohen Klausner at the Abraham-Sumbel-Klaus as well as lecturer in the youth learning association Jessaudei Tauroh. After the Altona chief rabbi Joseph Carlebach was elected chief rabbi of the Hamburg community in 1936 , Eduard Duckesz took over the religious and spiritual leadership of the Altona community for a short time. Together with Rabbi Jacob B. Cohen and the newly elected Chief Rabbi Theodor Weisz , he also directed the Bet Din. He published numerous studies in magazines and calendars such as the yearbook of the yearbook of the Jewish-Literary Society , Israelit , Jeschurun , Menorah , the yearbook of Schleswig-Holstein and the Hanseatic cities , the Israelite calendar for Schleswig-Holstein and the Israelite family paper Hamburg .

Epigraph and genealogist

In addition to his work as a rabbi, teacher and pastor and as a garrison chaplain during World War I , Eduard Duckesz devoted himself to researching the Jewish history of the three congregations AHW , the association of the communities of Altona, Hamburg and Wandsbek. Eduard Duckesz wrote the library catalog of the Old and New Klaus in the 1890s and transcribed the grave inscriptions of the most famous and important rabbis, dayanim and scholars who had found their final resting place in the Jewish cemetery in Altona on Königstrasse and in the Jewish cemetery in Ottensen . His work on Hebrew inscriptions was groundbreaking. He dealt intensively with Jewish genealogy and wrote extensive family history studies for the members of the Hamburg and Altona Jewish communities, some of which are in typescripts in the Hamburg State Archives. He also copied important grave registers of the Hamburg and Altona communities and played an important role in the closure of the Jewish cemetery on Grindel in 1937 .

The Duckesz family in the Shoah

After the November pogroms in 1938 , Eduard Duckesz applied to emigrate to the Netherlands, and from there he wanted to continue to New York. On December 31, 1938, he emigrated to the Netherlands. One of his last postcards shows that he had to be admitted to the Jewish hospital in Amsterdam because of an accident . In 1943 he was deported by the German occupiers to the Westerbork transit camp and from there to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp in 1944 , where he was murdered on March 6, 1944 at the age of 75. In 1943, Carlo Koppel from New York congratulated him on his 75th birthday, unaware of his emigration history. His daughter Hanna de Lange and her husband, the Dutch rabbi Georg de Lange, were also deported to Westerbork in 1943 and later to the Sobibor extermination camp , where both were murdered shortly after their arrival in 1943. The children Esther and Leo emigrated to the League of Nations mandate for Palestine in 1936 , Michael in 1938 to Argentina. Her son Max had lived in the USA since 1924. Eduard Duckesz was deported from Westerbork to Auschwitz in 1944 and murdered there on March 6, 1944.

estate

The Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People in Jerusalem preserve the photo collection of Eduard Duckesz and his library catalog of the Old and New Klaus, which was written in the 1890s. The State Archive of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg owns some of his unpublished manuscripts, the Leopold-Zunz-Archive an undated letter.

Posthumous honors

Eduard Duckesz House

• Since 2004 a stumbling stone in front of the house at Biernatzkistraße 14 in Altona , where he once lived, has been reminding of Eduard Duckesz. Another stumbling block in memory of him was laid on August 2, 2012 in front of the entrance gate to the Jewish cemetery in Altona / Königstraße 10a.
• The visitor center of the Altona Jewish Cemetery on Königstrasse in Altona, which opened in 2007, is called "Eduard-Duckesz-Haus", and the Eduard-Duckesz Library there is also named after him.
• Since 2010, the Hermann Reemtsma Foundation has sponsored the Eduard Duckesz Fellowship at the Hamburg Institute for the History of German Jews (IGDJ), which is currently held by the linguist Michael Studemund-Halévy .
• Since 2016 there is an Eduard-Duckesz-Straße in Altona-Nord .

Eduard Duckesz Prize

• Since 2012, the Institute for the History of German Jews in Hamburg and the Eduard-Duckesz-Fellow / Michael Studemund-Halévy have awarded the Eduard-Duckesz-Prize for Jewish Studies every two years.

Award winners

• 2012 Dov Cohen, Bar Ilan University
• 2014 Tina Walzer , Vienna
• 2016 CM Kosemen, Istanbul
• 2019 Tania Garcia Arevalo, Universidad de Granada

Works

• Sefer Iwah le Moshav. Contains biographies and gravestone inscriptions of the rabbis of the 3 communities Altona, Hamburg, Wandsbeck . Eisig Gräber Publishing House, Cracow 1903.
• Chachame AHW. Biographies and gravestone inscriptions of the Dajanim, authors and the other outstanding men of the 3 communities Altona, Hamburg, Wandsbeck. Translated into German by Salomon Goldschmidt . A. Goldschmidt Verlag, Hamburg 1908. (Hebrew and German) the "Chachame", the "Wise men", d. H. the scholars from the history of the three congregations AHW
• On the history and genealogy of the first families of the High German Israelite communities in Hamburg-Altona. On the occasion of the 250th anniversary of Altona . Max Leßmann publishing house, Hamburg 1915.
• On the genealogy of Samson Raphael Hirsch , in: Yearbook of the Jewish-Literary Society, 1926.
• Family history of Rabbi Lase Berlin in Hamburg . Max Täschner successor publisher, Hamburg 1929.
• Warburg family. History of the Warburg family . Edited by Eduard Duckesz and Otto Hintze. Manuscript, 1928/1929.

literature

• Michael Brocke, Julius Carlebach (Hrsg.): Biographisches Handbuch der Rabbis. Part 2: The rabbis in the German Empire 1871–1945. Volume 1: Aaron - Kusznitzki. edited by Katrin Nele Jansen. Saur, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-24874-0 . In it: Eduard Duckesz. Pp. 164-166.
• Birgit Gewehr: Stumbling blocks in Hamburg-Altona . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-929728-99-6 . In it: Eduard Duckesz. Pp. 62-65.
• Ina S. Lorenz, Jörg Berkemann : The Hamburg Jews in the Nazi State 1933 to 1938/39. Seven volumes. Wallstein, Göttingen 2016, ISBN 978-3-8353-1811-3 .
• Gerhard Paul & Miriam Gillis-Carlebach (eds.): Menora and Hakenkreuz , Neumünster 1998, pp. 74-77.
• Michael Studemund-Halévy : Duckesz, Eduard . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 4 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-8353-0229-7 , pp. 87-88 .
• Michael Studemund-Halévy: In Jewish Hamburg. A city guide from A to Z . Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-937904-97-9 . Inside: From the photo album of Rabbi Eduard Duckesz. Pp. 211-223.
• Jürgen Sielemann: From the life of Rabbi Eduard Duckesz, in: Liskor 12 (2018), pp. 3-24,

Web links

Wikisource: Eduard Duckesz  - Sources and full texts

• Eduard Duckesz website from the Altona Jewish Cemetery
• Website about Eduard Duckesz

Individual evidence

1. ^ Michael Studemund-Halévy: In the Jewish Hamburg . Hamburg 2011, p. 15
2. ^ Michael Studemund-Halévy: Sefarad in Aschkenaz. The family of Martin Cohen, in: Michael Studemund-Halévy & Anna Menny: Place and Memory , Hamburg 2013, pp. 73-193
3. ↑ dasjuedischehamburg.de
4. ↑ Sefer Iwah leMoschaw . Contains biographies and gravestone inscriptions of the rabbis of the 3 communities Altona, Hamburg, Wandsbeck. Eisig Gräber publishing house, Cracow 1903; Altona Jewish Cemetery - Eduard Duckesz
5. ^ Gil Hüttenmeister & Eberhard Klassung & Michael Studemund-Halévy: The Grindel.-Ersatzfriedhof on the Jewish cemetery Ohlsdorf, Hamburg 2013
6. ↑ dasjuedischehamburg.de
7. ^ Structure (New York) September 3, 1943, p. 29.
8. ↑ Birgit Gewehr: Stolpersteine ​​in Hamburg-Altona , Hamburg 2015, p. 63-64
9. ^ "Page of Testimony" in the archives of Yad Vashem , filled in by his daughter (Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names), accessed on October 20, 2012.
10. ↑ cahjp.huji.ac.il ( Memento of the original from June 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
11. ↑ Has-Sifriya hal-Le'ummit <Yerûsalayim>; Leopold Zunz Archive; Signature: ARC 4 ° 792 / Z8a-31, folder Z8a
12. ↑ stolpersteine-hamburg.de
13. ↑ Altona Jewish Cemetery - Current ( Memento from March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
14. ↑ Altona Jewish cemetery - Eduard-Duckesz-Haus
15. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: sub.uni-hamburg.de
16. ↑ Altona Jewish Cemetery - Eduard Duckesz Library
17. ↑ Altona Jewish Cemetery - Eduard Duckesz Fellowship
18. ^ Statistics Office North: Street and area index of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
19. ↑ Altona Jewish Cemetery - Eduard Duckesz Prize
20. ↑ Alternative transcriptions of the main title in library catalogs: Ivah le-moshav and Iwoh le-Moschaw .
21. ↑ Alternative transcriptions of the main title in library catalogs: Hakhme Ahu. Helek sheni mi-sefer Ivah le-moshav or Hakhme AHV or Sefer hakmê AHW
22. ↑ Proven in: Max Kreutzberger (Ed.): Leo Baeck Institute New York - Library and Archive. Catalog. Volume 1: German-speaking Jewish communities . Mohr, Tübingen 1970, p. 474.