Eduard Meijers

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Eduard Meijers (1917)

Eduard Maurits Meijers (born January 10, 1880 in Den Helder , † June 25, 1954 in Leiden ) was a professor of law at the University of Leiden . He laid the foundations for the Burgerlijk Wetboek ( civil code ) which is valid in the Netherlands today .

Life

Eduard Meijers was the son of the marine doctor Isidor Meijers (born December 2, 1838 in Hoorn) and his wife Julie Wolff (born May 15, 1847 in The Hague; † February 21, 1933 in Amsterdam). He went through elementary school and completed further training at the grammar school in Amsterdam . After graduating from school, he studied from 1897 at the University of Amsterdam Jura , where Johannes Fredericus Houwing (born April 17, 1857 in Blolzijl, † 10 March 1921 in Doorn) became his formative teacher. On April 3, 1903, he received his doctorate in Amsterdam with the subject Dogmatische Rechtsswetenschap (German: Dogmatic jurisprudence ) as a doctor of law. He then worked as a lawyer, from 1905 worked in the Central Office for Social Affairs under Marie Willem Frederik Treub (born November 30, 1858 in Voorschooten; † July 24, 1931 in The Hague) and was again a lawyer in Amsterdam in 1906. As such, he worked as an editor of the magazine Sociaal Weekblad and founded the magazine Rechterlijke beslissingen inzake de Wet op de Arbeidsovereenkomst , which existed until 1942. In 1909 he was elected to the city council of Amsterdam for the left-wing liberal party Vrijzinnig Democratische Bond . He wrote numerous magazine articles on political and cultural topics and was involved in many publications. He was also the first lawyer in the Netherlands to regularly publish comments on decisions of the High Council of the Netherlands .

On August 9, 1910, he was appointed to the professorship for Dutch civil law and international private law at the University of Leiden . On November 2, 1910, he gave his inaugural lecture on De taak der Rechtsswetenschap ten aanzien der vrije Rechtsspraak (German: The task of law in relation to free justice ). Meijers held numerous offices beyond the university. He was chairman of the Dutch Lawyers Association and was a member of the board of directors of the Dutch Bar Association , temporarily chairing it. In 1914 he became a member of the Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde (Society for Dutch Literature) in Leiden. In 1920 he was appointed to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences . He was also a member of the Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België .

After the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II, Meijers was dismissed from his professorship on November 23, 1940 due to his Jewish origins. His former student Rudolph Cleveringa then gave a fiery speech on November 26, 1940 against the dismissal of Jewish scientists from the University of Leiden. However, this did not help Meijers. On August 7, 1942, he and his family were interned in the Westerbork transit camp and deported to Theresienstadt on September 4, 1944 . In 1944 Meijers was appointed to the council of elders in Theresienstadt and, after the liberation on May 8, 1945, not without resistance from their own ranks, declared himself spokesman for the survivors of the "Nation of the Dutch" in Theresienstadt. He made contact with the Dutch royal family and helped organize the repatriation of Dutch Jews back home.

After the liberation of Theresienstadt by the Red Army, he returned to the Netherlands. In Leiden the National Socialist decision to dismiss from university was revoked. So he was able to continue his teaching post until his retirement on September 18, 1950. In 1947 he was commissioned by Queen Wilhelmina to draw up a new civil code for the Netherlands, a task he worked on until his death in 1954. The first part (books 1 to 4) of the draft for the new civil code appeared in print in 1954, shortly after his death.

Honors

  • Meijers had built an excellent reputation in the international legal world over the course of his life. Numerous universities elected him honorary doctorates, including the universities in Aberdeen, Lille, Brussels, Glasgow, Leuven (1949) and the Sorbonne in Paris.
  • In 1929 Meijers was awarded the highest Dutch award for lawyers, the Thorbeckestiftung's Medal of Honor .
  • In 1949 Meijers was appointed commander of the Order of the Dutch Lions .
  • Meijers was in command of the Order of Oranje Nassau .

family

Eduard Meijers married Tony Gottschalk (born June 11, 1885 in Amsterdam; † January 2, 1977 in Leiden) in Amsterdam on August 12, 1909, the daughter of Robert Gottschalk (born May 9, 1856 in Essen / Germany; † 27 October 1948 in Leiden) and his wife Olga Heijmann (born May 11, 1861 in Dortmund / Germany; † December 25, 1940 in Amsterdam). There are four daughters from the marriage:

  • Olga Judith Meijers (born September 25, 1910; † August 24, 2003 in Amsterdam) married on March 31, 1938 in Leiden with Ivo Samkalden (born August 10, 1912 in Rotterdam; † May 11, 1995 in Amsterdam)
  • Nora Meijers (born December 26, 1911 in Leiden; † December 4, 2000 in The Hague) married on April 7, 1938 in Leiden (divorced: November 15, 1940 ibid.) To Albert Jean Haex (born April 25, 1913 in Maastricht )
  • Tony Tine Meijers (born April 6, 1913 in Leiden; † December 8, 2009 in The Hague) married. J. Th. Vermeulen
  • Clara Caritas Meijers (* February 1918 in Leiden)

Fonts (selection)

  • Kleinindustrieën ten platten lande (= Uitgaven van het Centraal Bureau voor Sociale Adviezen. 1). Tijl, Zwolle 1906.
  • Landbouwcoöperatie in Nederland. J. Müller, Amsterdam 1907.
  • De arbeidsovereenkomst. (Wet van den 13den July 1907, Stbl. 193). Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1908, (also: 1912, 1924).
  • De taak der Rechtsswetenschap ten aanzien der vrije Rechtsspraak. Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1910, (Leiden, Rijksuniversiteit, dissertation, 1910).
  • Bijdrage tot de divorced is van het internationaal privaat- en criminal law in Frankrijk en de Nederlanden. Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1914.
  • Erfrecht (= Handleiding tot de beoefening van het Nederlandsch burgerlijk rechts . 4). Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle 1915, (numerous editions).
  • Aansprakelijkheid en décharge van directeuren van naamloze vennootschappen. Muusses, Purmerend 1923.
  • Iuris interpretes saec. XIII. Septingentesimo anno studi Neapolitani. Perrella, Naples 1924.
  • De beteekenis der burgerlijke wet in de huidige samenleving. Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1927.
  • Le droit ligurien de succession en Europe occidentale. Volume 1: Les pays Alpins (= Legal History Instituut, Leiden. Series 2, Vol. 2, ISSN  0169-9083 ). Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1928.
  • Het Ligurian delights in de Nederlanden. 3 volumes. Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1929-1936;
    • Volume 1: Het Westbrabantische cheered (= Rechtshistorisch Instituut, Leiden. Series 2, Vol. 3). 1929;
    • Volume 2: Het west-vlaamsche delighted (= Legal History Instituut, Leiden. Series 2, Vol. 5). 1932;
    • Volume 3: Het oost-vlaamsche delighted (= Legal History Instituut, Leiden. Series 2, Volume 7). 1936.
  • Misbruik van rechts en wetsontduiking. In: Annales de droit et de sciences politiques. Bd. 1936/1937, ZDB -ID 203538-8 , pp. 703-724, (reprinted in: Meijers: Verzamelde privaatrechtelijke opstellen. Volume 1: Algemene onderwerpen. Totstandkoming, wijziging en herziening van het Burgerlijk Wetboek. Huwelijksgoederenrecht =. Erfrechtelijke = Leidse juridische reeks van de Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden.1 , ZDB -ID 1465934-7 ). Universitaire Pers Leiden, Leiden 1954, pp. 62-81).
  • as editor: Responsa doctorum Tholosanorum (= Rechtshistorisch Instituut, Leiden. Series 2, Vol. 8). Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1938.
  • Foreword in: Eduard Muntingh Hamman: The risk by the koopkontrak in the Suid-Afrikaanse reg. Van Schaik, Pretoria 1938, (Leiden, Rijksuniversiteit, dissertation, 1938).
  • Recueil de lois modern concernant le droit international privé. Universitaire Pers Leiden, Leiden 1947.
  • Het kort geding. Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle 1947, (also: 1967).
  • De algemene grip van het burgerlijk rechts (= Algemene leer van het burgerlijk rechts . Vol. 1). Universitaire Pers Leiden, Leiden 1948, (also: 1958).
  • Het voorstel van LVVS aan hair schuldeisers. Tjeenk Willink, Zwolle 1950.
  • Ontwerp voor een nieuw Burgerlijk Wetboek. 12 volumes. Staatsdrukkerij- en uitgeverijbedrijf, 's-Gravenhage 1954–1976.

literature

  • Sybrandus J. Fockema Andreae: Eduard Maurits Meijers (Den Helder, January 10, 1880 - Leiden, June 25, 1954). In: Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandsche Letterkunde te Leiden. 1953/1955, ISSN  0921-4895 , pp. 71-73, ( online , Dutch).
  • Rudolph P. Cleveringa : Levens report EM Meijers. In: Jaarboek of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. 1954/1955, ISSN  0169-2038 , pp. 319–336, ( digital version (PDF; 797.5 kB) , Dutch).
  • Robert Feenstra: Meijers, Eduard Maurits (1880–1954). In: Biographical Woordenboek van Nederland . Volume 1. BWN, The Hague, 1979, ( online , Dutch), accessed November 2, 2014.
  • Anna Hájková : The Jews from the Netherlands in Theresienstadt. In: Theresienstadt studies and documents. 2002, ZDB -ID 1233756-0 , pp. 135-201, here pp. 151 f., 163 ff.
  • Ontwerper van nieuw Burgerlijk Wetboek. Prof. mr. EM Meiers, 74 years oud, is Vrijdagavond plotseling overleden. In: Nieuwe Leidsche Courant , June 28, 1954, p. 3, ( online ), accessed January 24, 2016.
  • In memory of Prof. EM Meijers. In: Nieuwe Leidsche Courant , June 28, 1954, p. 2, ( online ) accessed January 24, 2016.
  • Leids meester der Nederlandse juristen. Prof. mr. EM Meijers, hoofdfiguur in international legal, plotseling overleden. In: Leidsch Dagblad , June 28, 1954, p. 7, ( online ), accessed January 24, 2016.
  • Eervol ontslag before prof. mr. EM Meijers. In: Leidsch Dagblad , August 9, 1950, p. 2, ( online ), accessed January 24, 2016.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Family tree of Dutch Jewish families viewed January 24, 2016
  2. ↑ Manfred Gans: Life gave me a chance . Lulu Press, Raleigh 2010, ISBN 978-0-557-20305-5 , p. 260.
  3. ↑ Manfred Gans: Life gave me a chance . Lulu Press, Raleigh 2010, p. 271.
  4. ^ Eduard Maurits Meijers: Ontwerp voor een nieuw burgerlijk wetboek. Boek 1-4 . The Hague 1954.
  5. ↑ Ere-promotie prof. dr. EM Meijers . In: Nieuwe Leidsche Courant of January 20, 1949, p. 3 ( online ).
  6. ↑ Uitreiking van den eereprijs Prof. Mr. EM Meijers . In: Leidsche Courant of June 4, 1929 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Koninklijk onderscheiden . In: Nieuwe Leidsche Courant of April 29, 1949, p. 2 ( online ).
  8. ↑ cf. also genealogy record at genealogieonline.nl , viewed January 24, 2016
  9. ↑ cf. familieberichten.nl entry , accessed January 24, 2016
  10. ^ Heading Burgerlijke Stand - Leiden (registry office news). In: Leidsche Courant of February 6, 1918, p. 3 ( online ).
  11. ↑ No more published.
personal data
SURNAME Meijers, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Meijers, Eduard Maurits (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch lawyer and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 10, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH The hero
DATE OF DEATH June 25, 1954
Place of death Suffer