Gut Eglsee

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Avenue to the Kingdom

Gut Eglsee is a large agricultural enterprise in Bavaria. It is located about two kilometers southeast of the Straubing town center in the Eglsee part of the municipality .

Eglsee has fourteen inhabitants and is geographically in the middle of the Gäuboden . The three avenues to Straubing , the Kingdom and the Ödmühle , which can be seen from afar, are characteristic . In front of the manor house is the Eglsee, which also serves as a fire water pond .

history

Aerial view

Eglsee was first mentioned in the books at Trausnitz Castle in 1444 (Landshut State Archives). In the immediate vicinity of Eglsee, since the Neolithic Age 5600 BC. Prove human settlements. From around 500 BC The Celts settled here in an oppidum. The first surviving settlement name of Straubing comes from them : Sorviodurum.

Gut Eglsee

In 1891 Carl Phillip Paul Beckmann (1852–1923) acquired the company in Eglsee. Through the purchase of land, the establishment of an agricultural distillery and, above all, a completely improved basic treatment, Eglsee was able to be expanded into a "model economy" (Straubinger Tagblatt). A large agricultural business in Hofstetten and a cotton plantation near Kilosa in what was then the colony of German East Africa (now Tanzania ) were acquired for the sons Otto Beckmann and Max Beckmann . The second generation Carl Eugen Beckmann (1882–1965) took over the Eglsee headquarters and expanded it further. In addition, there was the Vorwerk in Gschwendt and an animal breeding business in Hausleiten near Neumarkt-Sankt Veit as well as a forestry in Leiblfing . Furthermore, the mill works in Gleiwitz and the bird mill in Reuchelheim (Lower Franconia) were bought. The third and fourth generation, each with a degree in farmers, Carl Heinrich Beckmann (1909–1991) and Carl Friedrich Max Beckmann (born 1947) expanded the headquarters. The current owner is Carl Christian Beckmann .

architecture

There are many different building complexes on Eglsee. The core area is typically Lower Bavarian arranged as a four-sided courtyard . The oldest buildings are from the 13th to 15th centuries. These include the large cowshed or the old farmhouse with administration. Extensive alterations, extensions and extensions were carried out by Carl Phillip Paul Beckmann between 1891 and 1920. This is how the court distillery came into being, which was built in the Wilhelminian style and is now an industrial monument . In 2014, two rental apartments were set up in the distillery building.

In 1921 Carl Eugen Beckmann and his wife Elisabeth built the so-called villa, also known as the manor house. Carl Heinrich Beckmann's projects were a warehouse with fully automatic silo towers and a potato cellar that is filled by different conveyor belts and transports the potatoes to the distillery via flushing channels.

In the yard there is a park-like landscape concept from 1893, which is still valid today. This form of this architecture gives the company this particularly memorable cultural and landscape image. In addition to the driveway avenues, each lined with ash trees, there is a green belt made of larches, oaks and linden trees. The millennium linden fell victim to a storm on January 13, 1986. There is also a rock garden at the Eglsee and a rose kennel in the garden of the manor house.

distillery

Industrial culture

The industrialization coined the spacious and functional architectural style of the building in Eglsee. The distillery built in 1893 is a striking example. The chimney can still be seen from afar. Similar systems were installed at Gut Puchhof , Gut Makofen and in Münchshöfen in the following years . In the distillery in Eglsee, industrial alcohol with at least 96% ethanol was produced from starch potatoes . After the liquor monopoly ceased to exist, the distillery was shut down. Knowledge of agricultural history should be preserved and made available to future generations.

Agricultural innovations & volunteering

The industrial revolution also reached the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1850 . These decisive changes were also evident in agriculture. The steam plow was used for the first time on Eglsee in Bavaria. Many innovations were initially tested and further developed in Eglsee. When it was successfully tested, many colleagues took over the new technology. This was particularly the case with the first use of a fully automatic combine harvester , as well as with the use of a tractor, which replaced manual labor at the end of the Weimar Republic .

In order not to just keep what they have learned to themselves, all generations at Eglsee stand up for the general public. The engagement included positions in the farmers' association, the landowners association , the association of the southern German sugar beet growers or z. B. in the regional synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria . Carl Eugen Beckmann has a. a. the Straubing dairy factory (today Goldsteig Käsereien Bayerwald ) and the farmers' club were founded. His role model for this was the Hesse Landowners Club.

literature

Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Old Bavaria. Series I, issue 32: Straubing. P. 56, p. 135, p. 195, p. 198, p. 318, p. 319, p. 343 ( online ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e website of the owner. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 8, 2014 ; accessed on October 1, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / gut-eglsee.de
  2. ↑ cf. Hundt, Hans-Jürgen: Catalog Straubing No. 1, The Finds of the Bell Beaker Culture and the Straubinger Culture, Kallmünz 1958.
  3. ↑ cf. Stelzle, Walter: The Romans in Bavaria, search for traces between the Alps and the Limes, Augsburg 2011.
  4. ↑ cf. Bavaria from the Duchy of the Bavarians to the Kingdom and Free State: with old and new borders of Bavaria and western Austria as well as information from the Celts and Roman times, published in 1988 on the occasion of the state exhibition "Die Bajuwaren" in Rosenheim and Mattsee, Bad Aibling 1988.
  5. ↑ cf. Hille, Carmen: Celtic Bavaria and its neighbors, Munich 1995.
  6. ↑ cf. Paasche, Hermann: German East Africa, Economic Studies, Berlin 1906.
  7. ↑ cf. Bauer, Heinz: German East Africa between Germany and England, Leipzig 1933.
  8. ↑ cf. Falkenhorst, Carl: German East Africa, history of the establishment of a German colony, Stuttgart 1890.
  9. ↑ cf. Keim, Joseph: Local history of Straubing, Straubing 1958.
  10. ↑ cf. Straubing: the new and the old face of a city in the old Bavarian heartland, commemorative publication on the occasion of the 750th anniversary, Straubing 1968.
  11. ↑ cf. Ortner, Heinrich: Straubing in its past and present, Straubing 1902.
  12. ↑ cf. Baum, Norbert: Paleodontological investigations on skeletons from the ceramic burial field of Ödmühle, Straubing 1988.
  13. ↑ cf. Maier, Hans: Gut Eglsee. History, owners and innovations. Landshut 1968.
  14. ↑ a b c cf. Straubinger Tagblatt: Carl Heinrich Beckmann, A Portrait, Straubing 1989.
  15. ↑ a b c d e f Straubinger Tagblatt: The model estate lord Carl Eugen Beckmann. Straubing 1952
  16. ↑ a b c d cf. Straubinger Tagblatt: On the death of Carl Phillip Paul Beckmann, Straubing 1915.
  17. ↑ cf. Baumgartner, Georg: A Lower Bavarian Vierseithof, Landshut 1982.
  18. ↑ cf. Hiller, Kurt: A German manor house, Leipzig 1918.
  19. ↑ cf. Lürig, Christa: Studies on the Prussian mansion 1890-1918, Berlin 1956.
  20. ↑ Prof. Dr. Carl Christian Beckmann - Change of use of a distillery into two apartments and change of use of a former workers' apartment into a residential building with four residential units and construction of a carport Eglsee 2 and 3. City of Straubing, October 1, 2014, accessed on February 10, 2015 .
  21. ↑ cf. Waterman, Tim: Landscape architecture, the most important things in brief, Munich 2010.
  22. ↑ cf. Hallbaum, Franz: The landscape garden, its creation and its introduction in Germany by Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell, Munich 1927.
  23. ↑ cf. Milk supply and agricultural distilleries, Bad Nauheim 1921.
  24. ↑ cf. Cluß, Adolf: The distillery, Hanover 1909.
  25. ↑ cf. The historic grain distillery, industrial monument and museum, Hilden 1995.
  26. ↑ cf. Braun, Rudolf: Industrial Revolution, Cologne 1972.
  27. ↑ cf. Liedtke, Rainer: The industrial revolution, Cologne [u. a.] 2012.
  28. ↑ cf. Kuntz, Andreas: The steam plow: Pictures and history of the mechanization and industrialization of agriculture and rural life in the 19th century, Marburg 1979.
  29. ↑ cf. Gröger, Eduard: The steam plow and its economic and social significance with special consideration of the contract plowing business in Silesia, Greifswald 1921.
  30. ↑ "We live here like in paradise" article in the Straubinger Tagblatt. In: Mediengruppe Straubinger Tagblatt / Landshuter Zeitung. Mediengruppe Straubinger Tagblatt / Landshuter Zeitung, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; Retrieved October 19, 2014 .
  31. ↑ Hummel, Jürgen; Oertle, Alexander; Sternberg, Jan: Combine harvester: history and technology , wk & f Kommunikation, Kempten 2008, ISBN 978-3-8988-0417-2 .
  32. ↑ cf. Daumiller, Oscar: Southern Bavaria's Protestant Diaspora in Past and Present, Munich 1955.

Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ′ 14.9 "  N , 12 ° 36 ′ 42.8"  E