Ehaft
Ehaft or Ehehaft (from Old High German , Middle High German êhaft for 'legal, legal') is a legal term that was partially outdated in the 18th century and that has been around for the longest in Switzerland and Bavaria and has been used or rarely used in both adjectives and nouns is still needed.
In the narrower sense of the word, ehaftes were legitimate excuses for not complying with a subpoena . Such were illness, feudal services and the death of a close relative. In a broader sense, Ehafts were as much as legal obstacles in general.
In Switzerland and Bavaria Ehafts were also real trade rights or real concessions developed under feudal law , i. H. Trades tied to specific locations. Landlords demanded concession and usage taxes (fees, interest) for facilities (usually with water and fire rights such as taverns, mills, forges, trotters , furnace houses, etc.) that were indispensable for the community and that they could force community members to use . New bonds were only issued with a proof of need, whereby owners of neighboring bonds were allowed to speak. They gave the operators a de facto monopoly and a secure economic basis. In the 19th century, the Ehafts gradually disappeared due to changed economic conditions and industrial-commercial production methods. The general freedom of trade and industry in the Swiss Federal Constitution of 1874 finally abolished the Ehaft as real rights.
Persist
Remnants of this lost - or at least superseded - legal system still exist as marital law .
literature
- Anne-Marie Dubler : Ehaft. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Married, the. In: Adelung, Grammatical-Critical Dictionary of High German Dialect. Volume 1. Leipzig 1793, pp. 1644-1645 ( zeno.org ).
- Marital imprisonment. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 3 : E – research - (III). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1862, Sp. 43 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
- ehaft, -ig ... Ehaft, Ehafti, Ehaftigi. In: Friedrich Staub, Ludwig Tobler (editor): Schweizerisches Idiotikon . Volume I, Huber & Co., Frauenfeld 1881, columns 7-9 ( idiotikon.ch ).
- Marital imprisonment . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 5, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1906, p. 404 .
- marital, real . In: Prussian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 2 , Issue 8 (edited by Eberhard von Künßberg ). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar, Sp. 1221–1222 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de - publication date between 1933 and 1935).
- Theodor Eisenbrand: Ehaftsordnung in the Hochstift Eichstätt. Feuchtwangen 1938.
- Dieter Werkmüller : Ehaft. In: Albrecht Cordes , Heiner Lück , Dieter Werkmüller, Ruth Schmidt-Wiegand (eds.), Concise dictionary on German legal history . 2nd, completely revised and expanded edition, Volume I, Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-503-07912-4 , Sp. 1191-1192.
- Walter Hartinger: Ehaftgewerbe. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria. 2016 ( historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de ).